Analog
Lifer
The surface mass density as a function of distance (in units of a hundred thousand light-years). The blue points are observational data, whereas the solid line is the result of a computer simulation. The contributions from the central galaxy (red line) and from nearby galaxies (dashed line) are also shown.
The new research concludes that galaxies have no definite edges. Instead galaxies have long outskirts of dark matter that extend to nearby galaxies and the intergalactic space is not empty but filled with dark matter.
It is well known that there is a large amount of unseen matter called dark matter in the universe. It constitutes about 22 percent of the present-day universe while ordinary matter constitutes only 4.5 percent. An important question still remains: Where is most of the dark matter in the universe?
Einsteins general theory of relativity predicts that a light ray passing through near a massive object such as a galaxy is bent by the effect called gravitational lensing. For example, the effect causes the image of a distant galaxy to be deformed and brightened by an intervening galaxy. However the effect itself is very small and so cannot be easily detected for a single galaxy. Only recently, images of millions of galaxies from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) made it possible to derive an averaged mass distribution around the galaxies. Earlier in 2010, an international research group led by Brice Menard then at University Toronto and Masataka Fukugita at IPMU used twenty four million galaxy images from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and successfully detected gravitational lensing effect caused by dark matter around the galaxies. From the result, they determined the projected matter density distribution over a distance of a hundred million light-years from the center of the galaxies.
http://www.physorg.com/news/2012-02-dark-intergalactic-space.html