There was a thread about this a few weeks ago.
Minimum according to the standard is 1 meter. But in that thread, somebody made a cable with only 1 centimeter between the two jacks, and it worked.
There may be some electrical problems with a short cable, which is why the standard is 1 meter. One foot is usually a pretty safe length, unless you're dealing with connections that absolutely have to be as clean as possible to prevent any lost bits (in which case you ought to be buying premade good brand cables, of course, or have a very expensive cable tester).