YoungGun's advice is solid, do stuff with the languages and you will eventually learn them. Most of the languages you've listed are fairly simple to understand.
My only advice would be to pick up a good database book. SQL itself is really pretty easy to learn. Doing SQL cleanly, on the other hand, takes a fair amount of planning and prep. How well you lay out your database is WAY more important to learn then learning how to exactly use a SQL Select statement.