AMC, I do know what a dyno is, heh. I know a lot of people dyno just to check performance- either just for 'bragging rights' or personal satisfaction, or to simply test the car under load and make sure it's performing acceptably.
But-
That's more specifically what I was asking about. So basically, the answer is that it varies. I was just wondering if there was a specific intent other than 'make it run as good as possible.'
Some people make it sound like they did a couple pulls, someone hit a magic button, and BAM! Tuned. I suspect those are the ones that just dyno to get a peak horsepower number for posting on the internet.
I mean, if you're not running an AEM box, or some other aftermarket computer, there's not a whole hell of a lot you can do, is there? Are you guys just flashing the software on stock PCM's?
The EEC-V in my 03 Cobra is a fully modern fully flash programmable ECU from the factory, you can change anything you want from the OBD-II port.
Non programmable stock ECUs can have the ROM chip, even the whole CPU if it's embedded ROM, swapped out with daughter cards that inserts it's own address decoder to break out the ROM into a separate Flash/EEPROM module that can be burned and changed.
The tune itself is just fuel and spark tables and a few other things like MAF curve/VE tables and accelerator pump tables and things like that.
So you don't need a complete aftermarket stand alone ECU to tune.
The tuning process is setting target AFRs in your fuel table and leaving them fixed, and then modifying the VE/MAF tables using wideband feedback until your actual equal your targets. Then you go on to pushing spark as borderline as it will go typically 2 degrees before knock. After that, you an go in and add/subtract fuel and timing as needed for boost "quenching", cat protection, drive-ability, throttle tip in, fuel economy, emissions, etc.
Without the aid of a dyno and a wideband telling you exactly what you are doing, you have no idea where you are and it gets dangerous to push things too much. Depending on the car, there is as much as 50 WHP to be gained from a 1 on 1 dyno tune vs a ballpark canned 1 size fits everything tune.
Oh, and the actual "software" doesn't change unless its a dealer/manufacture update performed at the same time the tune is installed. Tuning isn't programming, it's just providing data tables with fuel/spark maps. The actual program code that the ECU CPU runs doesn't change in tuning.