Quite some time ago there was a division between religion in the region. Islam split off from Judiaism, which might have been alright, but it happened in an area with little water or land that could be farmed. Two sides were competing for the same land and resources which spells trouble. Eventually, Islam came to dominate, and few jews were left. Then in the last century a movement began for various reasons that started the idea of recreating Israel. The culmination of this occured in 1947 when the UN divided Palestine into Arab and Jewish states. The jews wound up with a little more than half the land, although they consitituted less than 10 percent of the population. In 1948, Israel became a nation. That was the start of the first war. There have been land grabs and bad feelings ever since. I can go into later events if you wish, but you asked for the nutshell version.