Originally posted by: jagec
	
	
		
		
			Originally posted by: ja1484
	
	
		
		
			Originally posted by: Jeff7
The immune system and viruses/bacteria have been at war for eons. Each makes incremental improvements to try to overcome the other. It was a two-sided war, fought at a sluggish pace.
		
		
	 
Not really. It was a very very one sided war. In all but a few situations (many of the diseases that we fear to a great extent, like Ebola or anything similarly severe and fatal), the human immune system will kick the everliving shit out of whatever pathogen was stupid enough to invade your tissues with a custom made, this-week-only (but we're keeping the blueprint on file), antibody carpet bombing of *massive* shock and awe with the virus's/bacteria's/parasite's name written on the side of it.
		
 
		
	 
While the immune system is indeed supremely awesome, before the onset of modern medicine people died from influenza, TB, malaria, syphillis, bronchitis, pneumonia, gangrene, dysentery, smallpox, typhoid, diphtheria, appendicitis, tetanus, rabies, cholera, "childbirth fever", encephalitis, and many other infections ALL THE TIME.  And that's not even mentioning fungal or parasitic infections.  It's a credit to our systems that ANYONE was able to survive what passed for "surgery" back then, given how much of your body was laid open to infection...but the immune system can and did fail us time and again before we were able to back it up with the heavy artillery.
		
 
		
	 
It's not to say it failed us so much as was either expected to perform miracles, at least in the example you provide. If you incur a massive septic issue in someone and expect the immune system to suddenly be able to counter with almost no time to adapt, it's not going to happen.
No, the immune system didn't fail us, it failed certain people. The diseases you mention could (and still can be) fatal, but it was a crapshoot depending on how the immune system responded and the immune ability of the individual. People *survived* those diseases ALL THE TIME as well.
What antibiotics have done is allow those who would normally succumb to difficult diseases surive them, and then pass on their immunologically inferior genes.
Other people can argue over whether that's good or bad, depending on their beliefs.
People STILL die from infections all the time - usually when they are elderly, immuno-compromised, or attempting to heal many co-morbidities at once. Antibiotics have done nothing to stem death itself, they've merely changed the mechanism. While third world deaths are still primarily disease related, here in the west, we die from diseases of affluence, such as atherosclerosis, heart failure, diabetes, etc.
The death rate is still 1 per person, and all modern medicine has really done is prolong the trip there.
It's important to understand that in your example of olden-times, it's not like the immune system was (nor is it now) combating a single pathogen at a time. Like everything else, it has a capacity. If your sanitation is poor (as it was back then) and daily living requires 50% of your immune capacity just to prevent infections from setting in, what happens if you contract a bug that requires 80% capacity to eliminate and yet don't change the sanitary situation?
Saying the immune system failed us because people have died of diseases is like saying the car is a failed invention because some people have crashed them. There's a reason all vertebrates have some form of immune response: It's impossible to survive for longer than a few hours in this world without one. The fact that we're still here *as a species* is a testament to the ability of our little system.