<< i mean like how do you find out what ports you need to open with each program? >>
I guess. No, many of these programs have standard ports. 80 for http, 25 for smtp, 113 for ident (used in more than just irc). On a UNIX system, /etc/services has a list of these things. There are also lists on the net. Of course I forgot the url, so do a search for information here on ports and someone will have a link in one of the threads.