Originally posted by: arrfep
Argh. Friggin long response written and the internets ate it. Anyway, here are my recommendations which respectfully deviate from all the other ones so far:
Pentax K10D, $399. It's a couple generations old, but still a very capable camera. In-body image-stabilization and a fully weather-sealed body. This will come in handy on the road. Pick up a kit lens for under $100, or if you can stretch it more (I know everyone keeps suggesting that) you can get the new weather-sealed kit lens for ~$190 (only shopped for it briefly) which will give you a completely sealed system. If you use one of those 10% off coupons at Best Buy, you could get your total cost to around $550.
Alternately, and probably a better idea, now that I think about it, grab the
Pentax K200D, $379. It's essentially the sensor from the K10D, moved down into Pentax's entry-level line. But it's also a generation newer, and probably a little easier to use. Side benefits are it being a quarter-pound lighter, and it also takes AA batteries, which could be invaluable if you are away from a place to charge for a couple days in a row. At $20 cheaper than the K10D, you can get much closer to your budget for your final kit.
If you want to go Canon, I'd pick up an
Xti, $349. It's cheaper than any other Canon right now. I've bought a refurbished DSLR from Adorama and it was indistinguishable from new. At this price, you can pick up a kit lens
and a tele-zoom like the 70-300mm and stay under $500 total. There's not a significant enough difference in image quality between this and the new Rebels to pay any more, IMO. It's also lighter than both the Pentax's. The Downside is that it has no Image Stabilization, sensor-cleaning, or weather sealing.
My last recommendation is an
Olympus E-450 2 lens kit, $469.95. People don't like to recommend Olympus, but I think it might be a good option for you. You're going to consider the weights and dimensions of everything you bring. The E-450 or E-420 (which can be found for cheaper still) are the smallest, lightest SLRs being made. This kit at Adorama will cover wide-angle all the way to telephoto, and leave you with enough money to pick up a couple of Compact Flash cards. While it doesn't have image-stabilization, it does have the best sensor-clean made, as well as Live-View, which can also come in handy.
It sounds contrary to common advice, but the last feature I'd shop based on is image quality, for two reasons. One, you're coming from a Point & Shoot, so
any entry-level SLR is going to provide that step up. Secondly, at this price-point, the playing-field is pretty much equalized. If you pixelpeep at 100% you will notice differences, or if you're trying to shoot ISO1600 or higher one body will be better than the other. But I'm going to guess you'll do neither. On my trip, over the course of 9 weeks, shot around 1000 frames, between my P&S and my film SLR. 95% of those were taken in broad daylight under a bright sun or overcast sky. Very rarely did I shoot at night, and if I did I popped the flash. You'll probably be in ISO 100-400 the entire trip.
Instead, I'd shop based on features like size and weight, durability, Image-stabilization, battery capability/battery life, ergonomics, etc. Find what setup gives you the best feature-set and is the easiest for you to use, and get that.
Feel free to PM me with any q's regarding this or bike-touring in general. And good luck!