Yes, the insurance companies are operating in the environment the MA program set up for them (absent the fraud, that is). In my opinion it's a wasteful program that should be eliminated though - a few percentage points doesn't sound like a lot but when you're talking health care spending it can quickly turn into enormous sums of money. MA plans also don't provide meaningfully better outcomes on the whole: https://www.kff.org/medicare/report...ditional-medicare-a-review-of-the-literature/Good read, thanks.
It appears to me that Medicare needs to alter it's payment adjustments, though paying a bit more for plans that get 5 star ratings doesn't seem out of line to me. Regardless of that, it's still done as an open bid and Medicare decides what the criteria and adjustments will be. The issue is on the Medicare side, not the PPO or HMO.
My experience in government contracting is that it's often far to convoluted. Back in the late 90's I won a million dollar project by exploiting an undefined assumption in the requirements, I was by far the highest bid. The funny part of that story was at the bid opening, the fellow reading the bids read mine and said "this is bullshit". I still got the job.
So basically it's more money for the same results, which isn't great. It's not the biggest problem out there but people always talk about cutting spending and eliminating wasteful programs. Well, here's one!