^
All else equal, a 25mm thick fan:
- Pushes more air at lower RPM, lowering bearing wear and noise (though if your 15mm was barely spinning, not as much in this application, but I suspect it did have to spin up at high load)
- Greater bearing length, load bearing surface spread out, and (in the case of sleeve bearings) holds more lubricant
- Easier for the manufacturer to balance for less bearing wear, less pumping lubricant out of bearing, and less vibration
All this combined results in multiple times longer fan life. There's also a much greater selection of 120mm x 25mm so no need to spend $20. A mid-grade quality 25mm thick 120mm fan will outlive a high quality 15mm thick.
However some of this changes once you move thicker than 25mm, generally quality thicker fans tend to be more targeted towards industrial apps and have higher torque motors which don't spin evenly and quietly at very low RPM - there are exceptions, but the move to 25mm would be plenty, no need to chase red herrings.