Originally posted by: nobodyknows
Originally posted by: smack Down
Originally posted by: miketheidiot
Originally posted by: CADsortaGUY
Originally posted by: miketheidiot
Text
Abstract
Negative environmental consequences of fossil fuels and concerns about petroleum supplies have spurred the search for renewable transportation biofuels. To be a viable alternative, a biofuel should provide a net energy gain, have environmental benefits, be economically competitive, and be producible in large quantities without reducing food supplies. We use these criteria to evaluate, through life-cycle accounting, ethanol from corn grain and biodiesel from soybeans. Ethanol yields 25% more energy than the energy invested in its production, whereas biodiesel yields 93% more. Compared with ethanol, biodiesel releases just 1.0%, 8.3%, and 13% of the agricultural nitrogen, phosphorus, and pesticide pollutants, respectively, per net energy gain. Relative to the fossil fuels they displace, greenhouse gas emissions are reduced 12% by the production and combustion of ethanol and 41% by biodiesel. Biodiesel also releases less air pollutants per net energy gain than ethanol. These advantages of biodiesel over ethanol come from lower agricultural inputs and more efficient conversion of feedstocks to fuel. Neither biofuel can replace much petroleum without impacting food supplies. Even dedicating all U.S. corn and soybean production to biofuels would meet only 12% of gasoline demand and 6% of diesel demand. Until recent increases in petroleum prices, high production costs made biofuels unprofitable without subsidies. Biodiesel provides sufficient environmental advantages to merit subsidy. Transportation biofuels such as synfuel hydrocarbons or cellulosic ethanol, if produced from low-input biomass grown on agriculturally marginal land or from waste biomass, could provide much greater supplies and environmental benefits than food-based biofuels.
25% is not good. Using the most energy input dependent corp to make more energy is laughably stupid.
Seems you missed #7. There are plenty of studies out there - you should look into them.
it seems you are illiterate.
"Reality:
Most studies show ethanol to have a positive net energy balance, while all studies show gasoline has a net negative energy balance."
It doesn't matter the studies that prove ethanol has a positive energy balance get most of the energy from the dead plant stock, and left over distiller grains. Once you take out the waste products all studies show a negative energy balance in the production of ethanol.
Carbon dioxide from corn ethanol gets recycled. It?s almost carbon neutral. Where as fossil fuels such as gasoline continue to bring up massive amounts of new carbon from deep underground, which is accumulating in the atmosphere and damaging the environment and public health. The impact of burning fossil fuels such as gasoline, diesel fuel, and coal are far more dangerous to the environment than biofuels.
Furthermore, the ethanol industry is evolving. Some ethanol plants are becoming self-powered, replacing natural gas with renewables. Corn ethanol plants are beginning to add Algae production, grown on refinery waste products CO2, waste heat, and nutrient rich waste water effluent. Some corn farmers are growing their own oil crops and making their own biodiesel. Some corn farmers will soon have 100% ethanol powered Ricardo type engines in their tractors that get diesel quality efficiency and torque, from cheap local fuel they helped to produce. Compare that with fuels refined from imported oil shipped by burning dirty fossil fuels long distance from foreign countries. With the direction that domestic ethanol is moving, in the near future, it will be totally carbon neutral and half the price of diesel fuel.
Next comes 100% Ethanol Fuel Cells: With the development of non-precious metal catalysts, fuel cells are getting closer to being mass-produced. Future farmers will have direct 100% ethanol fuel cells in their tractors. Or, they will have fuel cells with onboard reformers that process ?undistilled? ethanol, a solution of 2/3 ethanol and 1/3 water, into hydrogen on demand, powering their tractors and long haul trucks. Fuel Cells are over 2 times more efficient than internal combustion engines. This is the development path of ethanol and well worth the investment.
Add to that the fact that all the money spent on ethanol production and development stays right here in the USA providing jobs and decreasing our trade deficit at the same time. It seems like a no-brainer to me.