While probably not the best benchmark for the occasion I ran Furmark on 2 and 1 monitors. The score was 775 and 777 respectively.
In more realworld things such as games I noticed that my framerates did drop a little bit. Probably around 5% maybe? I am running an ancient 4890 though, so I'd imagine modern cards get affected even less.
Another thing is I generally use borderless windowed mode with multiple monitors so multitasking is absolutely instant. That affects framerates even more, and notice minimums drop quite drastically.
The good thing is it is completely effortless to switch between using both or only a single. Windows + P brings up a menu in which you can choose to use the main, duplicate, extend (the good one), or the secondary monitor.