Anyway, this project has been going non-stop for 15 or 16 years
Folding at home has only been running since October 2000. The FAH project is now in its eight year. Sorry you are wrong on that one. The Pande group has been in existence longer but that is entirely different.
Think of how much less powerful computers were back in 2000. Think about how many people were folding then.
You appear to be a doctor, so I would assume you know that it's good to test your product to ensure its efficacy (be it a drug or a computer simulation). Have the Pande group done this? Why yes
We have folded several small, fast folding proteins, with experimental validation of our method.
The thing is validation and testing takes time. It would take quite a considerable time to fold even a small protein on hardware from 2000 (millions of computational hours) and you would have to do it numerous times. It wasn't until 2003 that FAH had even 100,000 CPUs donating to them, and obviously not everybody donates 24/7. So even in 2003 it was taking several months just to do the fast folding test samples (with 100k people helping). Of course when you get your data back you may think of ways to refine the simulation, or additional factors to input. It of course then needs to run again. More time...
The other thing is FAH doesn't just do one simulation at a time - how many? well have a look
FAH projects. Running more than one means that each result takes longer (as obviously not everyone is working on the same project). FAH also still has units which are for quality control (so there are overheads).
So FAH have managed several smaller proteins and are moving on to the bigger stuff. Again back to you being a doctor - how many amino acids are in an average protein? How many atoms make up the amino acids? So how many calculations do you need to do? (Haemoglobins formula is C738 H1166 N812 O203 S2 Fe to give you an idea). Don't forget that each atom will interact with all the others in the vicinity, and then you have solvent interactions to deal with as well!
The other point of FAH is that it helps people understand how to simulate proteins and ligands, what is the point of that? Well understanding how ligands interact with proteins is of prime importance when developing drugs. Currently the simulation of drugs interactions with proteins is not as accurate as drug companies want (which is funny considering it is a lot better than the models used for climate change).
So in summary to "cure" a disease we need to have-
1) An understanding of the scientific process causing of the disease
2) A clinical understanding of the disease
3) Proposed drugs which block some essential portion of the disease process
4) Clinical trials where each of the drugs is tested to confirm it works as predicted in the lab and measurement of the side-effects of that drug.
Folding at home increases the understanding of diseases involving protein misfolding (1); the improvements in software and knowledge also help with the rational design of new drugs (3).
Hope that helps, and remember FAH was only designed for spare CPU cycles; it?s perfectly possible to run FAH for a couple of hours while still playing (insert favourite game here) or browsing the net or doing work.