Core 2 & AM2 Motherboards - Recommendations

[renethx]

________________________________________
5. Next Generation Microarchitecture 2 (NGMA2)
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

Intel's manufacturing process is currently shifting to 45 nm. Penryn (the successor to Merom), Wolfdale (the successor to Conroe) and Yorkfield (a "true" quad-core processor, the successor to Kentsfield) based on the 45 nm process are set for launch in H2 2007. They will be the last cores of NGMA. Then Nehalem core will succeed Penryn and a new microarchitecture, NGMA2, based on Nehalem will appear in 2008. Nehalem will take the 45 nm manufacturing technology from Penryn and applies it to the new Nehalem microarchitecture (= NGMA2). The transition will be similar to that from Mobile microarchitecture to NGMA with Penryn being "Yonah". Nehalem-C core, still based on the Nehalem microarchitecture, will be a die shrink from 45 nm to 32 nm with a radically new lithography process, EUV.

_________
References
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

• DailyTech ? Intel Life after Conroe (June 20, 2006)
• PC Watch ? Topics on the Intel 3 Series chipset and a new chipset in 2008 (June 7, 2007)
• X-bit labs ? Intel Readies New Memory Controller for Nehalem Chips (June 10, 2007)

 

[renethx]

________________
6. Intel's T's or *T's
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

Some of Intel's T's (Technologies) or *T's (star T's, Advanced Technologies) and other technologies embedded in today's microprocessors are:

• Hyper-Threading Technology (HT) enables one physical processor to appear and behave as two virtual processors to the operating system. Currently none of Core 2 cores supports this technology.
• Virtualization Technology (VT) enables one hardware platform to function as multiple "virtual" platforms.
• Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology (EIST) allows the system to dynamically adjust processor voltage and core frequency, which can result in decreased average power consumption and decreased average heat production. An equivalent of AMD's Cool'n'Quiet Technology.
• Extended Memory 64 Technology (EM64T) is Intel's name of the 64-bit microprocessor architecture developed by AMD.
• Execute Disable Bit (XD Bit) segregates instructions and data in memory to prevent certain classes of malicious software from taking over computers. The same as No Execute Bit (NX Bit) or Enhanced Virus Protection (EVP) in AMD's term.
• Trusted Execution Technology (TXT) will be introduced in 2007 and is designed to protect sensitive information from software attacks.

 

[renethx]

Reserved 28

 

[renethx]

Reserved 29

 

[renethx]

Reserved 30

 

[renethx]

Reserved 31

 

[renethx]

Reserved 32

 

[renethx]

Reserved 33

 

[renethx]

Reserved 34

 

[renethx]

Reserved 35

 

[renethx]

Reserved 36

 

[renethx]

Reserved 37

 

[renethx]

Reserved 38

 

[renethx]

Reserved 39

 

[renethx]

Reserved 40

 

[renethx]

:gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine:
Appendix II. AMD Processors ? An Overview
:gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine::gift::wine:


______________
Table of Contents
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

• Preface

1. History
2. K5 Processor
3. K6 Processor
4. K7 Processor
5. K8 Processor
6. K10 Processor

______
Preface
¯¯¯¯¯¯

The purpose of this part is list recent AMD processors since K5 for reference. In-depth expositions of each processor family are found in articles in References.

 

[renethx]

________
1. History
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

AMD was founded in 1969 as a manufacturer of integrate circuits. AMD produced clones of Intel processors from 1975 to 1995. But with reverse-engineered clones, AMD was always behind Intel in x86 evolution and the introduction of the 5th generation x86 processor Pentium (released in 1993) threatened to widen the gap. AMD (and Cyrix, NexGen) began working on a processor that was x86-compatible but whose internal designs were independent.

References

• Wikipedia ? Advanced Micro Devices

 

[renethx]

______________
2. K5 Processor
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

The "K" stands for Kryptonite or Krypton (Intel = Superman). The project started in 1992 as AMD's top priority. The processor was released belatedly in 1996, over a year later than the original plan. The K5 was technically better than the Pentium with larger primary caches, a better superscalar design (more execution units), with modern features such as out-of-execution and a RISC-like core. However the K5 did not succeed commercially because it was released just too late and it had several problems (low clock rates, poor performance in several applications).

• SSA/5, released on March 27, 1996, Clockrate: 75?100MHz (AMD-K5 PR75?PR100), FSB: 50?66MHz, 500 or 350 nm process, Socket 5/Socket 7
• 5k86, first released on October 7, 1996, Clockrate: 90?133MHz (AMD-K5 PR120?PR200), FSB: 60/66MHz, 350 nm process, Socket 5/Socket 7, improved internal designs with lower clock speeds and better performance

 

[renethx]

______________
3. K6 Processor
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

The K6 processor was introduced in 1997. Despite the name implying a design evolving from the K5, the K6 is a totally different design that was created by the NexGen team (and in particular Vinod Dham, the father of the Pentium) and adapted after the acquisition of NexGen by AMD in 1996. The processor has a powerful six issue RISC core including Multimedia Unit with Intel's new MMX supported. It became the first processor to truly challenge Intel's dominance since the launch of the Pentium and allowed AMD to recover after problems with the K5 processors. The first iteration AMD-K6 gained the performance crown before the release of the Pentium II. The second iteration AMD-K6-2 and the third AMD-L6-III competed very well against Pentium II, Celeron, and Pentium III. Overall the K6 (in particular K6-2) became very popular and dominated the retail PC market.

• AMD-K6
  • K6, released on April 2, 1997, Clockrate: 166?233MHz, FSB: 66MHz, 350 nm process, Socket 7
  • K6 Littlefoot, released on January 1998, Clockrate: 200?300MHz, FSB: 66MHz, 250 nm process, Socket 7
• AMD-K6-2 (Chomper), first released on May 28, 1998, Clockrate: 233?350MHz, FSB: 66/100MHz, 250 nm process, Super Socket 7, 3DNow! (a floating point SIMD instruction set)
  
• AMD-K6-III (Sharptooth), first released on February 22, 1999, Clockrate: 400/450MHz, FSB: 100MHz,250 nm process, Super Socket 7, on-die L2 Cache

 

[renethx]

______________
4. K7 Processor
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

Work on AMD's 7th generation x86 processor, known as K7, started in 1995 with the mission of beating Intel's next generation CPU. The K7 was built from scratch by the design team led by Dirk Meyer (a leading engineer of the DEC Alpha, now the president of AMD). It was given a new name Athlon (derived from the word "decathlon"), and released in June 1999. It featured better and larger functional units (a fully-pipelined FPU, 3 fully-pipelined IEU, 3 fully-pipelined AGU), implying a larger die size, deep pipelines (so a higher clock speed), superior instruction decoder and control unit, the EV6 DDR point-to-point bus architecture (vs. Intel's GTL+ shared bus), that also meant the Athlon needed its own chipset (first AMD 750, then VIA, ALi, SiS) unlike K5 and K6. The Athlon processor family surpassed Intel in every way and became an enormous success.

• Athlon, first released on June 23, 1999, Slot A
  • K7 Argon, first released on June 23, 1999, 500?600MHz; 650, 700 MHz, FSB 200MT/s, 250 nm process
  • K75 Pluto, first released on November 29, 1999, 550?750MHz; 800, 850 MHz, FSB 200MT/s, 180 nm process
  • K75 Orion, released on March 6, 2000, 900?1000MHz, FSB 200MT/s, 180 nm process
• Athlon Thunderbird, first released on June 5, 2000, Slot A/Socket A, 256KB on-die L2 Cache
  • Slot A, 600?1000MHz, FSB 200MT/s, 180 nm process
  • Socket A, B-models, 650?1400MHz, FSB 200MT/s, 180 nm process
  • Socket A, C-models, 1000?1400MHz, FSB 266MT/s, 180 nm process
• Athlon XP, first released on October 9, 2001, Socket A, optimizations to the core design resulting in 20% decrease in power use
  • Palomino, first released on October 9, 2001, 1333?1733MHz (1500+ to 2100+), FSB 266MT/s, 180 nm process
  • Thoroughbred, first released on June 10, 2002, 1400?2133MHz (1600+ to 2600+) with FSB 266MT/s and 2083?2250MHz (2600+ to 2800+) with FSB 333MT/s, 130 nm process
  • Barton, first released on February 10, 2003, L2 Cache doubled, 1833?2083MHz (2500+ to 2800+) with FSB 333MT/s and 2100, 2200MHz (3000+, 3200+) with FSB 400MT/s, 130 nm process
  • Thorton, first released September 2003, the same core as Barton but half the L2 Cache disabled, 1667?2200MHz (2000+ to 3100+), FSB 266/333/400MT/s, 130 nm process

There were also Athlon MP (supporting multiprocessor for workstation/server), Athlon XP-M (mobile Athlon XP featuring PowerNow!), Duron (reduced 64KB L2 Cache, based on the Thunderbird/Palomino/Thoroughbred cores) and the first generation Sempron (based on the Thoroughbred/Thorton/Barton cores).

References

• Wikipedia ? Athlon
• Ars Technica ? Into the K7, Part One
• Ars Technica ? Into the K7, Part Two
• AnandTech ? AMD Athlon (August 9, 1999)
• AnandTech ? AMD Athlon "Thunderbird" 1.1GHz (August 28, 2000)
• AnandTech ? AMD Athlon 4 - The Palomino is Here (May 14, 2001)

 

[renethx]

______________
5. K8 Processor
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

The K8 processor (codenamed Hammer) is the eighth (current) generation of AMD's x86 processor. The core design evolved from the K7 with a few changes or improvements. The major difference is the ability of 64-bit computing, called the x86-64 technology (or AMD64 for the AMD platform, and EM64T for the Intel platform as Intel adopted the technology later). There had been several microprocessors with 64-bit computing. The only 64-bit processor with x86 32-bit compatibility at that time was Intel's Itanium, but that ran x86 32-bit applications only with significant speed degradation. AMD64 gained recognition because of its ability to run 32-bit application without speed penalties as well as 64-bit applications. Other features are an on-die memory controller and the implementation of an extremely high performance point to point bus architecture called HyperTransport.

The first of the AMD64 processors was the server processor Opteron (Socket 940) released in April 22, 2003. Then the desktop processors Athlon 64 (Socket 754; restricted to a single-channel memory controller) and Athlon 64 FX (Socket 940; marketed to hardware enthusiasts) were released on September 23, 2003. The Athlon 64 with Socket 939 (supports a dual-channel memory controller) was released on June 1, 2004. The on-die memory controller was designed from the ground up to be able to support multiple cores and, after manufacturing processes matured, the first dual-core Opteron was released on April 21, 2005 and the dual-core desktop Athlon 64 X2 followed. The K8 cores first supported DDR, then migrated to DDR2 with the new Socket AM2 (desktop), Socket F (1207) (server) and Socket S1 (mobile) since May 23, 2006. A low-end processor family was branded Sempron (the same name as the last low-end Socket A processor family, but with entirely new cores). In the Athlon 64 FX family, the AMD Quad FX platform was introduced in November 2006, that features two dual-core processors with upgradability to two quad-core processors in future. The manufacturing process was 130 nm, then 90 nm (the Winchester core and all the subsequent cores) and currently 65 nm (the Brisbane core).

All the processors in the K8 family except a few low-end Sempron models support all of MMX, SSE, SSE2, Enhanced 3DNow!, NX bit, AMD64 and Cool'n'Quiet (PowerNow!). The support for SSE3 was added later (since the Venice core). The support for AMD Virtualization was added to Socket AM2, Socket F (1207), and Socket S1 processors.

 

[renethx]

___________________
K8 Processor ? Desktop
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

Desktop processors are distinguished from server processors in that they support only

• Unbuffered memory
• Single HyperTransport link

The available socket types are:

• Socket 754: The original desktop socket type released on September 23, 2003; supports only a single-channel memory controller and a single HyperTransport 1.0 (800MHz) link.
• Socket 940: The original server socket type; used for only a few initial high-end desktop processors to support dual-channel memory
• Socket 939: The successor to Socket 740 released on June 1, 2004; supports a dual-channel memory controller and a single HyperTransport 2.0 (1000MHz) link.
• Socket AM2: The successor to Socket 939 released on May 23, 2006; supports DDR2 SDRAM

The main core revisions for the desktop processors are:

1. September 2003/January 2004
   • ClawHammer (C0/CG): Socket 754, 130 nm, 1MB L2
   • Newcastle (CG): the 512KB L2 version of ClawHammer
2. June 2004
   • ClawHammer (CG): Socket 939
   • Newcastle (CG): Socket 939
3. September 2004
   • Winchester (D0): 90 nm, 512KB L2
4. April/May 2005
   • Venice (E3/E6): 512KB L2, an enhanced memory controller, SSE3
   • San Diego (E4/E6): the 1MB L2 version of Venice
5. May 2005
   • [*]Manchester (E4): dual-core, 2 x 512KB L2
   • Toledo (E6): the 2 x 1MB L2 version of Manchester
6. May 2006
   • Windsor (F2/F3): Socket AM2, dual-core
   • Orleans (F2/F3): Socket AM2, single-core
7. November 2006
   • Windsor FX (F3): AMD Quad FX platform
8. December 2006
   • Brisbane (G1): 65 nm, dual-core
   • Lima (G1): 65 nm, single-core

Socket 754

The first iteration of the desktop processors features Socket 754, a single-channel memory controller and HyperTransport 1.0 (800MHz).

• ClawHammer (C0/CG), first released on September 23, 2003, 130 nm process, 1MB L2 Cache, 89W
  
  • Athlon 64 2800+: 1.8GHz, 512KB L2 (half the L2 Cache disabled)
  • Athlon 64 3000+: 2.0GHz, 512KB L2 (half the L2 Cache disabled)
  • Athlon 64 3200+: 2.0GHz
  • Athlon 64 3400+: 2.2GHz, released on January 6, 2004
  • Athlon 64 3700+: 2.4GHz, released on June 1, 2004
• Newcastle (CG), first released in January 2004, 512MB L2 cache, 89W
  
  • Athlon 64 2800+: 1.8GHz
  • Athlon 64 3000+: 2.0GHz
  • Athlon 64 3200+: 2.2GHz
  • Athlon 64 3300+: 2.4GHz, 256KB L2 (half the L2 Cache disabled)
  • Athlon 64 3400+: 2.4GHz
• Paris (CG), first released on July 28, 2004, 128KB or 256KB L2 Cache, 62W, no AMD64, no Cool'n'Quiet
  
  • Sempron 3000+: 1.8GHz, 128KB L2
  • Sempron 3100+: 1.8GHz, 256KB L2
• Venice (E3/E6), first released on April 5, 2005?, 90 nm process, 512KB L2 Cache, SSE3
  
  • Athlon 64 3000+: 2.0GHz, 51W
  • Athlon 64 3200+: 2.2GHz, 59W
  • Athlon 64 3200+: 2.4GHz, 67W
• Palermo (D0/E3/E6), first released on April 15, 2005, based on the Winchester/Venice core, 128KB or 256KB L2 Cache, 62W, some CPU technologies disabled
  
  • Sempron 2500+: 1.4GHz, 256KB L2
  • Sempron 2600+: 1.6GHz, 128KB L2
  • Sempron 2800+: 1.6GHz, 256KB L2
  • Sempron 3000+: 1.8GHz, 128KB L2
  • Sempron 3100+: 1.8GHz, 256KB L2
  • Sempron 3300+: 2.0GHz, 128KB L2
  • Sempron 3400+: 2.0GHz, 256KB L2

Socket 940

Socket 940 was designed for the server platform, supporting a dual-channel memory controller but accepting only registered memory. AMD originally planned only a single-channel desktop processor. OEMs/enthusiasts demanded a dual-channel solution for the ultra high-end desktop part. Thus AMD simply took their existing dual-channel design (Opteron, Socket 940) and rebranded it as a desktop processor. The main drawbacks were that it required registered memory and there was no upgrade path.

• SledgeHammer (C0/CG), first released on September 23, 2003, 130 nm process, 1MB L2 Cache, 89W
  
  • Athlon 64 FX-51: 2.2GHz, released on September 23, 2003
  • Athlon 64 FX-53: 2.4GHz, released on March 18, 2004

Socket 939

Socket 939 was introduced in June 2004 as a replacement of Socket 754 and Athlon 64 FX Socket 940. It supports a dual-channel unbuffered memory controller and has a single HyperTransport 2.0 (1000MHz) link.

• ClawHammer (CG), first released on June 1, 2004, 130 nm process, 1MB L2 Cache, 89W
  
  • Athlon 64 3500+: 2.2GHz, 512KB L2
  • Athlon 64 4000+: 2.4GHz, released on October 19, 2004
  • Athlon 64 FX-53: 2.4GHz, released on June 1, 2004
  • Athlon 64 FX-55: 2.6GHz, released on October 19, 2004
• Newcastle (CG), first released on June 1, 2004, 512MB L2 cache, 89W
  
  • Athlon 64 3000+: 1.8GHz
  • Athlon 64 3200+: 2.0GHz
  • Athlon 64 3500+: 2.2GHz, released on June 1, 2004
  • Athlon 64 3800+: 2.4GHz, released on June 1, 2004
• Winchester (D0), released in September 2004, 90 nm process, 512KB L2 Cache, 67W
  
  • Athlon 64 3000+: 1.8GHz
  • Athlon 64 3200+: 2.0GHz
  • Athlon 64 3500+: 2.2GHz
• Venice (E3/E6), released on April 4, 2005, 90 nm process, 512KB L2 Cache, 67W, an enhanced memory controller, SSE3
  
  • Athlon 64 3000+: 1.8GHz
  • Athlon 64 3200+: 2.0GHz
  • Athlon 64 3500+: 2.2GHz
  • Athlon 64 3800+: 2.4GHz, 89W
• Palermo (E3/E6), based on the Venice core, 128KB or 256KB L2 Cache, 62W, no Cool'n'Quiet
  
  • Sempron 3000+: 1.8GHz, 128KB L2
  • Sempron 3200+: 1.8GHz, 256KB L2
  • Sempron 3400+: 2.0GHz, 128KB L2
  • Sempron 3500+: 2.0GHz, 256KB L2
• San Diego (E4), first released on May 2, 2005, the 1MB L2 cache version of Venice, 89W
  
  • Athlon 64 3500+: 2.2GHz, 512KB L2, 67W
  • Athlon 64 3700+: 2.2GHz
  • Athlon 64 4000+: 2.4GHz
  • Athlon 64 FX-55: 2.6GHz
  • Athlon 64 FX-57: 2.8GHz, released on June 27, 2005
• Manchester (E4), first released on May 31, 2005, 90 nm process, dual-core, each core based on Venice, 2 x 512KB L2 Cache, 89W
  
  • Athlon 64 X2 3800+: 2.0GHz
  • Athlon 64 X2 4200+: 2.2GHz
  • Athlon 64 X2 4600+: 2.4GHz, 110W
  • Athlon 64 3200+: 2.0GHz, single-core (with one defective core)
  • Athlon 64 3500+: 2.2GHz, single-core (with one defective core)
• Toledo (E6), first released on May 31, 2005, the 2 x 1MB L2 cache version of Manchester, 110W
  
  • Athlon 64 X2 3800+: 2.0GHz, 2 x 512KB L2, 89W
  • Athlon 64 X2 4200+: 2.2GHz, 2 x 512KB L2, 89W
  • Athlon 64 X2 4400+: 2.2GHz, 89W
  • Athlon 64 X2 4400+: 2.2GHz
  • Athlon 64 X2 4600+: 2.4GHz, 2 x 512KB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 4800+: 2.4GHz
  • Athlon 64 FX-60: 2.6GHz

Socket AM2

Socket AM2 is the successor to Socket 939 released on May 23, 2006. It supports DDR2 SDRAM and AMD Virtualization.

• Windsor (F2/F3), first released on May 23, 2006, 90 nm process, dual-core, 2 x 512KB or 2 x 1MB L2 Cache, 89W
  
  • Athlon 64 X2 3800+: 2.0GHz, 2 x 512KB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 4000+: 2.0GHz, 2 x 1MB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 4200+: 2.2GHz, 2 x 512KB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 4400+: 2.2GHz, 2 x 1MB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 4600+: 2.4GHz, 2 x 512KB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 4800+: 2.4GHz, 2 x 1MB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 5000+: 2.6GHz, 2 x 512KB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 5200+: 2.6GHz, 2 x 1MB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 5400+: 2.8GHz, 2 x 512KB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 5600+: 2.8GHz, 2 x 1MB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 5800+: 3.0GHz, 2 x 512KB L2 (Q3 2007)
  • Athlon 64 X2 6000+: 3.0GHz, 2 x 1MB L2, 125W
  • Athlon 64 X2 6400+ Black Edition: 3.2GHz, 2 x 1MB L2, 125W (August 20, 2007)
  • Athlon 64 FX-62: 2.8GHz, 2 x 1MB L2, 125W, unlocked multiplier
  • Athlon 64 X2 3800+ Energy Efficient 65W: 2.0GHz, 2 x 512KB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 4000+ Energy Efficient 65W: 2.0GHz, 2 x 1MB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 4200+ Energy Efficient 65W: 2.2GHz, 2 x 512KB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 4400+ Energy Efficient 65W: 2.2GHz, 2 x 1MB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 4600+ Energy Efficient 65W: 2.4GHz, 2 x 512KB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 4800+ Energy Efficient 65W: 2.4GHz, 2 x 1MB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 5000+ Energy Efficient 65W: 2.6GHz, 2 x 512KB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 5200+ Energy Efficient 65W: 2.6GHz, 2 x 1MB L2
  • Athlon 64 X2 6000+ Energy Efficient 89W: 3.0GHz, 2 x 1MB L2 (August 31, 2007)
  • Athlon 64 X2 3800+ Energy Efficient Small Form Factor 35W: 2.0GHz, 2 x 512KB L2
• Orleans (F2/F3), released on May 23, 2006, 90 nm process, single-core, 512KB L2 Cache, 62W
  
  • Athlon 64 3000+: 1.8GHz
  • Athlon 64 3200+: 2.0GHz
  • Athlon 64 3500+: 2.2GHz
  • Athlon 64 3800+: 2.4GHz
  • Athlon 64 4000+: 2.6GHz
  • Athlon 64 3500+ Energy Efficient Small Form Factor 35W: 2.2GHz
• Manila (F2), first released on May 23, 2006, based on Orleans with 128KB or 256KB L2 Cache, 62W, HT 800MHz, no AMD Virtualization
  
  • Sempron 2800+: 1.6GHz, 128KB L2
  • Sempron 3000+: 1.6GHz, 256KB L2
  • Sempron 3200+: 1.8GHz, 128KB L2
  • Sempron 3400+: 1.8GHz, 256KB L2
  • Sempron 3500+: 2.0GHz, 128KB L2
  • Sempron 3600+: 2.0GHz, 256KB L2
  • Sempron 3800+: 2.2GHz, 256KB L2
  • Sempron 3000+ Energy Efficient Small Form Factor 35W: 1.6GHz, 256KB L2
  • Sempron 3200+ Energy Efficient Small Form Factor 35W: 1.8GHz, 128KB L2
  • Sempron 3400+ Energy Efficient Small Form Factor 35W: 1.8GHz, 256KB L2
  • Sempron 3500+ Energy Efficient Small Form Factor 35W: 2.0GHz, 128KB L2
• Brisbane (G1), first released on December 5, 2006, 65 nm process, dual-core, 2 x 512KB L2 Cache, 65W
  
  • Athlon 64 X2 3600+: 1.9GHz
  • Athlon 64 X2 4000+: 2.1GHz
  • Athlon 64 X2 4400+: 2.3GHz
  • Athlon 64 X2 4800+: 2.5GHz
  • Athlon 64 X2 5000+: 2.6GHz
  • Athlon 64 X2 5000+ Black Edition: 2.6GHz, unlocked multiplier (September 25, 2007)
  • Athlon 64 X2 5200+: 2.7GHz (Q3 2007)
  • Athlon 64 X2 5400+: 2.8GHz, 76W (Q3 2007)
  • Athlon 64 X2 5600+: 2.9GHz, ?W (Q3 2007)
  • Athlon 64 X2 3800+ Energy Efficient 35W: 2.0GHz (Q3 2007)
  • Athlon 64 X2 4000+ Energy Efficient 35W: 2.1GHz (Q3 2007)
  • Athlon 64 X2 4200+ Energy Efficient 35W: 2.2GHz (Q3 2007)
  • Athlon 64 X2 4400+ Energy Efficient 35W: 2.3GHz (Q3 2007)
  • Athlon X2 BE-2300: 1.9GHz, 45W (June 5, 2007)
  • Athlon X2 BE-2350: 2.1GHz, 45W (June 5, 2007)
  • Athlon X2 BE-2400: 2.3GHz, 45W (August, 2007)
• Lima (G1), first released on February 20, 2007, 65 nm process, single-core, 512KB L2 Cache, 45W
  
  • Athlon 64 3500+: 2.2GHz
  • Athlon 64 3800+: 2.4GHz
  • Athlon 64 4000+: 2.6GHz (Q2 2007)
• Sparta (G1), released in August 20, 2007, 65 nm process, single-core, 256KB L2 Cache, 45W
  
  • Sempron LE-1150: 2.0GHz

Quad FX Platform

The AMD Quad FX platform is a dual-socket, multi-core PC platform consisting of two Socket F (1207) called Socket F (1207 FX) (also called Socket L1) and a pair of Athlon 64 FX processors (identified as Opteron by CPU-Z). Socket F (1207) is used instead of AM2 to support three HyperTransport links for multiprocessors. However Quad FX accepts only unbuffered memory. It is reported that Opteron 2200-series processors (Santa Rosa) work with the Quad FX platform without problems (DailyTech ? AMD Opteron 2200-series Works in Quad FX Motherboards).

• Windsor FX (F3), first released on November 30, 2006, 90 nm process, 2 x dual-core processor, 2 x 2 x 1MB L2 Cache, 2 x 125W
  
  • Athlon 64 FX-70: 2.6GHz
  • Athlon 64 FX-72: 2.8GHz
  • Athlon 64 FX-74: 3.0GHz
  • Athlon 64 FX-76: 3.2GHz (Q3 2007)

 

[renethx]

__________________
K8 Processor ? Server
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

Server processors feature:

• Registered memory
• Three HyperTransport links
• 1MB L2 Cache for the single-core and 2 x 1MB L2 Cache for the dual-core

Exceptions are 90 nm 1-way processors (unbuffered memory, a single HT link) that are actually Athlon 64 (X2) desktop processors. The available socket types are:

• Socket 940: The original server socket type released on April 23, 2003
• Socket 939: Used for 1-way processors
• Socket F (1207): The successor to Socket 940 released on August 15, 2006; support for DDR2 SDRAM
• Socket AM2: Used for 1-way processors

The main core revisions for the server processors are:

1. 130 nm, Single-Core, HyperTransport 1.0 (800MHz), since April 2003
   • SledgeHammer (B3/C0/CG): Socket 940, 1 to 8-way processors
2. 90 nm, Single-Core, HyperTransport 2.0 (1000MHz), SSE3, since December 2004
   • Venus (E4): Socket 939, 1-way (the same as San Diego)
   • Troy (E4): Socket 940, 2-way
   • Athens (E4): Socket 940, 8-way
3. 90 nm, Dual-Core, since April 2005
   • Denmark (E6): Socket 939, 1-way (the same as Toledo)
   • Italy (E6): Socket 940, 2-way
   • Egypt (E1/E6): Socket 940, 8-way
4. 90 nm, Dual-Core, DDR2, AMD Virtualization
   • [*]Santa Ana (F2/F3): Socket AM2, 1-way, since August 2005
   • Santa Rosa (F2/F3): Socket F (1207), 2 & 8-way

The model name is in the form

• Opteron XZW for Socket 940 and Socket 939 processors
• Opteron XYZW for Socket F (1207) and Socket AM2 processors

where

• X = 1: designed for uniprocessor systems, having one HyperTransport link
• X = 2: designed for dual-processor systems, having two HyperTransport links
• X = 8: designed for dual-processor systems, having three HyperTransport links
• Y = 2: DDR2 (currently no other values are assigned)
• ZW: an indication of the speed of the CPU; 60 or higher indicates a dual-core model for Socket 940/939

K8 Server ? 130 nm Single-Core Processors

The first iteration of the sever processors featured Socket 940, 130 nm process, single-core, and HyperTransport 1.0 (800MHz).

• SledgeHammer (B3/C0/CG), first released on April 23, 2003, Socket 940, 1 to 8-way
  • Opteron 140: 1.4GHz, 84.7W/82.1W
  • Opteron 142: 1.6GHz, 84.7W/82.1W
  • Opteron 144: 1.8GHz, 84.7W/82.1W
  • Opteron 146: 2.0GHz, 89W
  • Opteron 148: 2.2GHz, 89W
  • Opteron 150: 2.4GHz, 89W
  • Opteron 146 HE (High Efficient): 2.0GHz, 55W
  • Opteron 140 EE (Energy Efficient): 1.4GHz, 30W
  • Opteron 240: 1.4GHz, 84.7W/82.1W
  • Opteron 242: 1.6GHz, 84.7W/82.1W
  • Opteron 244: 1.8GHz, 84.7W/82.1W
  • Opteron 246: 2.0GHz, 89W
  • Opteron 248: 2.2GHz, 89W
  • Opteron 250: 2.4GHz, 89W
  • Opteron 246 HE (High Efficient): 2.0GHz, 55W
  • Opteron 240 EE (Energy Efficient): 1.4GHz, 30W
  • Opteron 840: 1.4GHz, 84.7W/82.1W
  • Opteron 842: 1.6GHz, 84.7W/82.1W
  • Opteron 844: 1.8GHz, 84.7W/82.1W
  • Opteron 846: 2.0GHz, 89W
  • Opteron 848: 2.2GHz, 89W
  • Opteron 850: 2.4GHz, 89W
  • Opteron 846 HE (High Efficient): 2.0GHz, 55W
  • Opteron 840 EE (Energy Efficient): 1.4GHz, 30W

K8 Server ? 90 nm Single-Core Processors

The second iteration of the server processors features 90 nm process, single-core and HyperTransport 2.0 (1000MHz). The support for SSE3 was added.

• Venus (= San Diego, E4), first released in August 2, 2005, Socket 939, 1-way
  • Opteron 144: 1.8GHz, 67W
  • Opteron 146: 2.0GHz, 67W
  • Opteron 148: 2.2GHz, 85.3W
  • Opteron 150: 2.4GHz, 85.3W
  • Opteron 152: 2.6GHz, 104W
  • Opteron 154: 2.8GHz, 104W
  • Opteron 148 HE (High Efficient): 2.2GHz, 55W
• Troy (E4), first released in December 2004, Socket 940, 2-way
  • Opteron 242: 1.6GHz, 85.3W
  • Opteron 244: 1.8GHz, 85.3W
  • Opteron 246: 2.0GHz, 85.3W
  • Opteron 248: 2.2GHz, 85.3W
  • Opteron 250: 2.4GHz, 85.3W
  • Opteron 252: 2.6GHz, 92.6W
  • Opteron 254: 2.8GHz, 92.6W
  • Opteron 256: 3.0GHz, 92.6W
  • Opteron 246 HE (High Efficient): 2.0GHz, 55W
  • Opteron 248 HE (High Efficient): 2.2GHz, 55W
  • Opteron 250 HE (High Efficient): 2.4GHz, 55W
  • Opteron 842: 1.6GHz, 85.3W
• Athens (E4), first released in December 2004, Socket 940, 8-way
  • Opteron 844: 1.8GHz, 85.3W
  • Opteron 846: 2.0GHz, 85.3W
  • Opteron 848: 2.2GHz, 85.3W
  • Opteron 850: 2.4GHz, 85.3W
  • Opteron 852: 2.6GHz, 92.6W
  • Opteron 854: 2.8GHz, 92.6W
  • Opteron 856: 3.0GHz, 92.6W
  • Opteron 846 HE (High Efficient): 2.0GHz, 55W
  • Opteron 848 HE (High Efficient): 2.2GHz, 55W
  • Opteron 850 HE (High Efficient): 2.4GHz, 55W

K8 Server ? 90 nm Dual-Core Processors

Almost at the same time as the release of Athlon 64 X2 Processors, dual-core server processors were released.

• Denmark (= Toledo, E6), first released in May 2005, Socket 939, 1-way
  • Opteron 165: 1.8GHz, 110W
  • Opteron 170: 2.0GHz, 110W
  • Opteron 175: 2.2GHz, 110W
  • Opteron 180: 2.4GHz, 110W
  • Opteron 185: 2.6GHz, 110W
• Italy (E6), first released on April 21, 2005, Socket 940, 2-way
  • Opteron 265: 1.8GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 270: 2.0GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 275: 2.2GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 280: 2.4GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 285: 2.6GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 290: 2.8GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 260 HE (High Efficient): 1.6GHz, 55W
  • Opteron 265 HE (High Efficient): 1.8GHz, 55W
  • Opteron 270 HE (High Efficient): 2.0GHz, 55W
  • Opteron 275 HE (High Efficient): 2.2GHz, 55W
• Egypt (E1/E6), first released on April 21, 2005, Socket 940, 8-way
  • Opteron 865: 1.8GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 870: 2.0GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 875: 2.2GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 880: 2.4GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 885: 2.6GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 890: 2.8GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 860 HE (High Efficient): 1.6GHz, 55W
  • Opteron 865 HE (High Efficient): 1.8GHz, 55W
  • Opteron 870 HE (High Efficient): 2.0GHz, 55W
  • Opteron 875 HE (High Efficient): 2.2GHz, 55W

K8 Server ? 90 nm Dual-Core Processors with DDR2 Memory Controller

With the migration to DDR2 SDRAM, Socket F (1207) was introduced. Dual-core processors only. AMD Virtualization was added.

• Santa Ana (F2/F3), first released on August 15, 2006, Socket AM2, 1-way
  • Opteron 1210: 1.8GHz, 103W
  • Opteron 1212: 2.0GHz, 103W
  • Opteron 1214: 2.2GHz, 103W
  • Opteron 1216: 2.4GHz, 103W
  • Opteron 1218: 2.6GHz, 103W
  • Opteron 1220: 2.8GHz, 103W
  • Opteron 1220 SE: 2.8GHz, 125W
  • Opteron 1210 HE (High Efficient): 1.8GHz, 65W
  • Opteron 1212 HE (High Efficient): 2.0GHz, 65W
  • Opteron 1214 HE (High Efficient): 2.2GHz, 65W
  • Opteron 1216 HE (High Efficient): 2.4GHz, 65W
  • Opteron 1218 HE (High Efficient): 2.6GHz, 65W
• Santa Rosa (F2/F3), first released on August 15, 2006, Socket F (1207), 2 to 8-way
  • Opteron 2210: 1.8GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 2212: 2.0GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 2214: 2.2GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 2216: 2.4GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 2218: 2.6GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 2220: 2.8GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 2220 SE: 2.8GHz, 119W
  • Opteron 2222: 3.0GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 2222 SE: 3.0GHz, 119W
  • Opteron 2224 SE: 3.2GHz, 119W
  • Opteron 2210 HE (High Efficient): 1.8GHz, 68W
  • Opteron 2212 HE (High Efficient): 2.0GHz, 68W
  • Opteron 2214 HE (High Efficient): 2.2GHz, 68W
  • Opteron 2216 HE (High Efficient): 2.4GHz, 68W
  • Opteron 2218 HE (High Efficient): 2.6GHz, 68W
  • Opteron 8212: 2.0GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 8214: 2.2GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 8216: 2.4GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 8218: 2.6GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 8220: 2.8GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 8220 SE: 2.8GHz, 119W
  • Opteron 8222: 3.0GHz, 95W
  • Opteron 8222 SE: 3.0GHz, 119W
  • Opteron 8224 SE: 3.2GHz, 119W
  • Opteron 8212 HE (High Efficient): 2.0GHz, 68W
  • Opteron 8214 HE (High Efficient): 2.2GHz, 68W
  • Opteron 8216 HE (High Efficient): 2.4GHz, 68W
  • Opteron 8218 HE (High Efficient): 2.4GHz, 68W

 

[renethx]

__________________
K8 Processor ? Mobile
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

Mobile processors are basically low-power versions of desktop processors:

• Unbuffered memory
• Single HyperTransport link
• Low power consumption
• Lidless (no heat spreader)

The available socket types are:

• Socket 754: The same as the desktop Socket 754; in particular, supports only a single-channel DDR memory and HyperTransport 1.0 (800MHz)
• Socket S1: The successor to Socket 754 for laptops released on May 17, 2006; 638 pins; support for dual-channel DDR2 memory, dual-core mobile processors, HyperTransport (800MHz), and AMD Virtualization

Socket 754

• ClawHammer (C0/CG), first released in September 2003, 130 nm process, 1MB L2 Cache
  • Mobile Athlon 64 2700+: 1.6GHz, 512KB L2, 81.5W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 2800+: 1.6GHz, 81.5W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 3000+: 1.8GHz, 81.5W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 3200+: 2.0GHz, 81.5W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 3400+: 2.2GHz, 81.5W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 3700+: 2.4GHz, 81.5W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 2800+: 1.6GHz, 62W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 3000+: 1.8GHz, 62W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 3200+: 2.0GHz, 62W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 3400+: 2.2GHz, 62W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 2700+: 1.8GHz, 256KB L2, 35W
• Odessa (CG), first released in January 2004, 512KB L2 Cache
  
  • Mobile Athlon 64 2800+: 1.6GHz, 81.5W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 2700+: 1.6GHz, 35W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 2800+: 1.8GHz, 35W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 3000+: 2.0GHz, 35W
• Dublin (CG), released on July 28, 2004, 128KB or 256KB L2 Cache, no AMD64, no PowerNow!
  
  • Mobile Sempron 2600+: 1.6GHz, 128KB L2, 62W
  • Mobile Sempron 2800+: 1.6GHz, 256KB L2, 62W
  • Mobile Sempron 3000+: 1.8GHz, 128KB L2, 62W
  • Mobile Sempron 2600+ Low Power: 1.6GHz, 128KB L2, 25W
  • Mobile Sempron 2800+ Low Power: 1.6GHz, 256KB L2, 25W
• Oakville (D0), released on August 17, 2004, 90 nm process, 512KB L2 Cache
  
  • Mobile Athlon 64 2700+ Low Power: 1.6GHz, 35W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 2800+ Low Power: 1.8GHz, 35W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 3000+ Low Power: 2.0GHz, 35W
• Georgetown (D0), first released in May 2005, 128KB or 256KB L2 Cache, no AMD64, no PowerNow!
  
  • Mobile Sempron 2600+: 1.6GHz, 128KB L2, 62W
  • Mobile Sempron 2800+: 1.6GHz, 256KB L2, 62W
  • Mobile Sempron 3000+: 1.8GHz, 128KB L2, 62W
  • Mobile Sempron 3100+: 1.8GHz, 256KB L2, 62W
  • Mobile Sempron 3300+: 2.0GHz, 128KB L2, 62W
• Sonora (D0), released in November 2004, 128KB or 256KB L2 Cache, no AMD64, no PowerNow!
  
  • Mobile Sempron 2600+ Low Power: 1.6GHz, 128KB L2, 25W
  • Mobile Sempron 2800+ Low Power: 1.6GHz, 256KB L2, 25W
  • Mobile Sempron 3000+ Low Power: 1.8GHz, 128KB L2, 25W
  • Mobile Sempron 3100+ Low Power: 1.8GHz, 256KB L2, 25W
• Newark (SH-E5), first released on April 14, 2005, 1MB L2 Cache
  
  • Mobile Athlon 64 3000+: 1.8GHz, 62W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 3200+: 2.0GHz, 62W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 3400+: 2.2GHz, 62W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 3700+: 2.4GHz, 62W
  • Mobile Athlon 64 4000+: 2.6GHz, 62W
• Albany (E6), first released on July 15, 2005, 128KB or 256KB L2 Cache, no AMD64, no PowerNow!
  
  • Mobile Sempron 3000+: 1.8GHz, 128KB L2, 62W
  • Mobile Sempron 3100+: 1.8GHz, 256KB L2, 62W
  • Mobile Sempron 3300+: 2.0GHz, 128KB L2, 62W
  • Mobile Sempron 3400+: 2.0GHz, 256KB L2, 62W
  • Mobile Sempron 3600+: 2.2GHz, 128KB L2, 62W
• Roma (E6), first released on May 17, 2006, 128KB or 256KB L2 Cache, no AMD64, no PowerNow!
  
  • Mobile Sempron 2800+ Low Power: 1.6GHz, 256KB L2, 25W
  • Mobile Sempron 3000+ Low Power: 1.8GHz, 128KB L2, 25W
  • Mobile Sempron 3100+ Low Power: 1.8GHz, 256KB L2, 25W
  • Mobile Sempron 3300+ Low Power: 2.0GHz, 128KB L2, 25W
  • Mobile Sempron 3400+ Low Power: 2.0GHz, 256KB L2, 25W
• Lancaster (E5), first released on March 10, 2006, 512KB or 1MB L2 Cache
  
  • Turion 64 ML-28: 1.6GHz, 512KB L2, 35W
  • Turion 64 ML-30: 1.6GHz, 1MB L2, 35W
  • Turion 64 ML-32: 1.8GHz, 512KB L2, 35W
  • Turion 64 ML-34: 1.8GHz, 1MB L2, 35W
  • Turion 64 ML-37: 2.0GHz, 1MB L2, 35W
  • Turion 64 ML-40: 2.2GHz, 1MB L2, 35W
  • Turion 64 ML-42: 2.4GHz, 512KB L2, 35W
  • Turion 64 ML-44: 2.4GHz, 1MB L2, 35W
  • Turion 64 MT-28: 1.6GHz, 512KB L2, 25W
  • Turion 64 MT-30: 1.6GHz, 1MB L2, 25W
  • Turion 64 MT-32: 1.8GHz, 512KB L2, 25W
  • Turion 64 MT-34: 1.8GHz, 1MB L2, 25W
  • Turion 64 MT-37: 2.0GHz, 1MB L2, 25W
  • Turion 64 MT-40: 2.2GHz, 1MB L2, 25W

Socket S1

• Richmond (F2), released on September 1, 2006, 512KB L2 Cache
  
  • Turion 64 MK-36: 2.0GHz, 31W
• Taylor (F2), released on May 17, 2006, dual-core, 2 x 256KB L2 Cache
  
  • Turion 64 X2 TL-50: 1.6GHz, 31W
• Trinidad (F2), first released on May 17, 2006, dual-core, 2 x 512KB L2 Cache
  
  • Turion 64 X2 TL-52: 1.6GHz, 31W
  • Turion 64 X2 TL-56: 1.8GHz, 33W
  • Turion 64 X2 TL-60: 2.0GHz, 35W
  • Turion 64 X2 TL-64: 2.2GHz, 35W
• Keene (F2), first released on May 17, 2006, no PowerNow!, no AMD Virtualization
  
  • Mobile Sempron 3200+: 1.6GHz, 512KB L2, 25W
  • Mobile Sempron 3400+: 1.8GHz, 256KB L2, 25W
  • Mobile Sempron 3500+: 1.8GHz, 512KB L2, 25W
  • Mobile Sempron 3600+: 2.0GHz, 256KB L2, 25W
• Tyler (G1), first released on May 7, 2007, 65 nm process, dual-core, 2 x 512KB L2 Cache
  
  • Athlon 64 X2 TK-53: 1.7GHz, 2 x 256KB L2, 31W (August 20, 2007)
  • Turion 64 X2 TL-56: 1.8GHz, 31W
  • Turion 64 X2 TL-58: 1.9GHz, 31W (August 20, 2007)
  • Turion 64 X2 TL-60: 2.0GHz, 31W
  • Turion 64 X2 TL-64: 2.2GHz, 35W
  • Turion 64 X2 TL-66: 2.3GHz, 35W (July 10)
• ? (G1), first released on , no PowerNow!, no AMD Virtualization
  
  • Mobile Sempron 3600+: 2.0GHz, 256KB L2, 25W
  • Mobile Sempron 3800+: 2.1GHz, 256KB L2, 31W
  • Mobile Sempron 4000+: 2.1GHz, 512KB L2, 31W

References

• BIOS and Kernel Developer's Guide for AMD NPT Family 0Fh Processors (#32559; December 2006)
• AnandTech ? AMD's Hammer Architecture ? Making Sense of it All (October 23, 2001)
• AnandTech ? AMD's Hammer in Action: The most impressive demo of IDF (February 27, 2002)
• AnandTech ? AMD's Hammer gets a new name: Opteron (April 24, 2002)
• AnandTech ? AMD Opteron Coverage ? Part 1: Intro to Opteron/K8 Architecture (April 23, 2003)
• AnandTech ? AMD Opteron Coverage ? Part 2: Enterprise Performance (April 23, 2003)
• AnandTech ? AMD Opteron Coverage ? Part 3: The First Servers Arrive (April 23, 2003)
• AnandTech ? AMD Opteron Coverage ? Part 4: Desktop Performance (April 24, 2003)
• Ars Technica ? An Introduction to 64-bit Computing and x86-64 (March 11, 2003)
• Ars Technica ? Inside AMD's Hammer: the 64-bit architecture behind the Opteron and Athlon 64 (February 01, 2005)

 

[renethx]

________________________________________
K8 Processor ? Ordering Part Number Description
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

The ordering part number of the AMD Processor is of the format:

(Brand)(Power Limit)(Model Number)(Package)(Operating Voltage)(Case Temperature)(L2 Cache Size)(Part Definition)

For example, ADA3800DAA5BV (Athlon 64 X2 3800+ Socket 939) is

• Brand: AD = Athlon 64 Desktop
• Power Limit: A = Standard Power
• Model Number: 3800 = 3800+
• Package: D = 939 Pin Lidded OµPGA
• Operating Voltage: A = Variable
• Case Temperature: A = Variable
• L2 Cache Size: 5 = 1 MB
• Part Definition: BV = Rev E4

Options in each entry are:

• Brand
  
  • AD: Athlon 64 Desktop
  • SD: Sempron Desktop
  • AM: Athlon 64 Mobile
  • SM: Sempron Mobile
  • TM: Turion 64 Mobile Technology
  • OS: Opteron Server
• Power Limit
  
  • A: Standard Power
  • S: 25W
  • B: 30W
  • D: 35W
  • H: 45W
  • K: 55W
  • N: 62W
  • O: 65W
  • P: 68W
  • Y: 120W
  • X: 125W
• Model Number
  
  • Available model numbers depend on the brand.
• Package
  
  • A: 754 Pin Lidded OµPGA (organic micro pin grid array)
  • B: 754 Pin Lidless OµPGA
  • C: 940 Pin Lidded CµPGA (ceramic micro pin grid array)
  • D: 939 Pin Lidded OµPGA
  • F: 940 Pin Lidded OµPGA
  • G: Socket F (1207)
  • H: Socket S1
  • I: Socket AM2
• Operating Voltage
  
  • A: Variable
  • B: 1.575 V
  • C: 1.55 V
  • D: 1.525 V
  • E: 1.50 V
  • F: 1.475 V
  • G: 1.45 V
  • H: 1.425 V
  • I: 1.40 V
  • J: 1.375 V
  • K: 1.35 V
  • L: 1.325 V
  • M: 1.30 V
  • N: 1.275 V
  • O: 1.25 V
  • P: 1.225 V
  • Q: 1.20 V
  • R: 1.175 V
  • S: 1.15 V
• Case Temperature
  
  • A: Variable
  • B: 56ºC
  • C: 57ºC
  • D: 58ºC
  • E: 59ºC
  • F: 60ºC
  • G: 61ºC
  • H: 62ºC
  • I: 63ºC
  • J: 64ºC
  • K: 65ºC
  • L: 66ºC
  • M: 67ºC
  • N: 68ºC
  • O: 69ºC
  • P: 70ºC
  • Q: 71ºC
  • T: 78ºC
  • U: 83ºC
  • X: 95ºC
• L2 Cache Size
  
  • 2: 128 KB
  • 3: 256 KB
  • 4: 512 KB
  • 5: 1 MB
  • 6: 2 MB
• Part Definition
  
  • AG: B3, Ceramic, 1P
  • AH: B3, Ceramic, 2P
  • AI: B3, Ceramic, 8P
  • AK: C0, Ceramic, 1P
  • AL: C0, Ceramic, 2P
  • AM: C0, Ceramic, 8P
  • AP: C0, Lidded
  • AR: CG, Lidded
  • AS: CG, D1
  • AT: CG, Ceramic, 1P
  • AU: CG, Ceramic, 2P
  • AV: CG, Ceramic, 8P
  • AW: CG, D1
  • AX: CG, Lidded
  • AY: CG B3
  • AZ: CG
  • BA: D0, Lidded
  • BB: D0, Organic, 1P
  • BC: D0, Organic, 2P
  • BD: D0, Organic, 8P
  • BI: D0, D1
  • BK: E4, Organic, 1P
  • BL: E4, Organic, 2P
  • BM: E4, Organic, 8P
  • BN: E4, D1, Organic, 1P
  • BO: E3
  • BP: E3, D2
  • BS: E1, Organic, 8P
  • BU: SH-E5
  • BV: E4, Lidded
  • BW: E6, D2
  • BX: E6, Lidded
  • BY: E6
  • BZ: E3
  • CA: E6, Organic, 1P
  • CB: E6, Organic, 2P
  • CC: E6, Organic, 8P
  • CD: E6, D1, Lidded, 1P
  • CF: E6, D1
  • CG: E4, D1
  • CM: F2
  • CN: F2
  • CQ: F2, 2P
  • CR: F2, 8P
  • CS: F2, 1P
  • CT: F2
  • CU: F2
  • CW: F2
  • CX: F3, 2P
  • CY: F3, 8P
  • CZ: F3, 1P
  • DC: G1
  • DD: G1
  • DE: G1
  • DH: F3
  • DI: F3
  • DL: G1
  • DN: G1
  • LA: Lowe Power Mobile, CG B3
  • LB: Lowe Power Mobile, D0
  • LD: Lowe Power Mobile, E5 B4
  • LE: Lowe Power Mobile, E6
  • LF: Lowe Power Mobile, E6

_________
References
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

K8 Processor

• BIOS and Kernel Developer's Guide for AMD NPT Family 0Fh Processors (#32559; December 2006)
• AnandTech ? AMD's Hammer Architecture ? Making Sense of it All (October 23, 2001)
• AnandTech ? AMD's Hammer in Action: The most impressive demo of IDF (February 27, 2002)
• AnandTech ? AMD's Hammer gets a new name: Opteron (April 24, 2002)
• AnandTech ? AMD Opteron Coverage ? Part 1: Intro to Opteron/K8 Architecture (April 23, 2003)
• AnandTech ? AMD Opteron Coverage ? Part 2: Enterprise Performance (April 23, 2003)
• AnandTech ? AMD Opteron Coverage ? Part 3: The First Servers Arrive (April 23, 2003)
• AnandTech ? AMD Opteron Coverage ? Part 4: Desktop Performance (April 24, 2003)
• Ars Technica ? An Introduction to 64-bit Computing and x86-64 (March 11, 2003)
• Ars Technica ? Inside AMD's Hammer: the 64-bit architecture behind the Opteron and Athlon 64 (February 01, 2005)

List of K8 Processors

• AA-64 implementation AMD K8
• Wikipedia ? List of AMD Athlon 64 microprocessors
• Wikipedia ? List of AMD Opteron microprocessors
• Wikipedia ? List of AMD Sempron microprocessors
• Wikipedia ? List of AMD Turion microprocessors

Athlon 64

• AnandTech ? Athlon64 Preview: nForce3 at 2.0GHz (September 4, 2003)
• AnandTech ? AMD Athlon 64 & Athlon 64 FX ? It's Judgment Day (September 23, 2003)

Socket 939 Processors

• AnandTech ? AMD Athlon 64 3800+ and FX-53: The First 939 CPUs (June 1, 2004)

Dual-Core Processors

• AnandTech ? AMD's dual core Opteron & Athlon 64 X2 - Server/Desktop Performance Preview (April 21, 2005)

Socket AM2 Processors

• AnandTech ? AMD Socket-AM2: Same Performance, Faster Memory, Lower Power (May 23, 2006)
• X-bit labs ? Socket AM2 Platform: DDR2 SDRAM Support from AMD

Quad FX

• AnandTech ? AMD's Quad FX: Technically Quad Core (November 30, 2006)
• Hard|OCP ? AMD Athlon 64 FX-74 & Quad FX Platform Review (November 30, 2006)
• HEXUS.net ? AMD Quadfather ? first part of an epic trilogy? (November 24, 2006)
• HEXUS.net ? AMD's '4x4' Quad-FX platform unveiled and benchmarked (November 30, 2006)
• HEXUS.net ? AMD QuadFX pushed to the limit... and beyond (January 18, 2007)
• Legit Reviews ? AMD Quad FX System Review with FX-74 Processors (November 29, 2006)
• The Tech Report ? AMD's Quad FX platform (November 30, 2006)
• Tom's Hardware Guide ? AMD's 4x4 Platform & Athlon 64 FX-70: Brute Force Quad Cores (November 30, 2006)
• X-bit labs ? Quad-Core from AMD: Quad FX Platform Review (November 29, 2006)

65 nm Processors

• AnandTech ? AMD's 65 nm Brisbane Core Previewed: The most energy efficient AMD CPU to date (December 14, 2006)
• AnandTech ? AMD's 65 nm Preview Part 2 - The Plot Thickens (Updated with Information from AMD) (December 21, 2006)
• X-bit labs ? AMD Athlon 64 X2 4800+ Anew: AMD Masters 65 nm Technology

Mobile Technology

• AnandTech ? AMD Unveils Turion 64 Mobile Technology: A Rebranded Mobile Athlon 64

K8 Processor Ordering Part Number Description

• AMD Athlon 64 Processor Power and Thermal Data Sheet
• AMD Opteron Processor Power and Thermal Data Sheet
• Compare Processor Specifications