Sustained transfer rate of Hi-Speed USB 2.0 hovers around 250Mbps, not even close to 480Mbps.
Not all USB 2.0 devices are equal, simply because some products advertised as USB 2.0 devices are not ?Hi-Speed? and thus are fully incapable of the theoretical 480Mbps bandwidth?in fact, many of those products are actually ?Full-Speed? devices, which is only 12Mbps, or equal to USB 1.1 speeds.
The USB maximum data rate is shared amongst all attached devices. In other words, the more devices that are attached, the slower each one of them will go. After all the devices are connected, you may or may not perceptively notice much performance degradation on a Hi-Speed 2.0 device, but degraded performance of attached USB 1.1 devices will be especially noticeable.
Each stacked pair of connections share a single USB Root Hub, which means that if you have both of these ports occupied by devices, those devices will share the bandwidth of that individual root hub.
Then there is the issue of isochronous USB devices, such as webcams, which will reserve a large portion of bandwidth and bleed dry the bandwidth that other, non-isochronous devices would otherwise get to use, reducing their bandwidth performance even more. Not too much of an issue if the drivers for a particular ISO device is well-written...huge issue if they aren't.
If you have two high-use, high-bandwidth devices, attempt to connect them to ports that are each served by individual EHCI controllers. For example, connect your external hard drive to the first USB 2.0 port, and the webcam to the seventh USB 2.0 port.