CompactPCI is the format used in Rack mounted systems. I am not really up on Rackmount tech but I've administered a few of them so I 'll try and explain.
The single board computer usually integrates serial, USB, LAN, PS2, video ports all in one. Often there is a Disk-On-Chip as well. These are older so they might not have the all-in-one setup I've seen before.
The chassis typically mounts an 8 slot PCI backplane. CompactPCI bus board has 8 PCI slots that can be bridged
with addition 8 slot CompactPCI boards. Not sure of the limit on number of bridges.
The ones I've used have all been single CPU setups, I do not know if it is possible to put
say 7 CPU cards and 1 LAN card on one CompactPCI bus. I've seen single CompactPCI boards with 2 processors.
Some quick research appears to reveal that you need a system slot for the CPU board and peripheral slots for other cards.
CPU boards come in system slot or peripheral slot config. So you'll need to know which these are.
In the event some are system some are peripheral you should be able to put up some serious cracking racks.
I'll look some more...trying to find a source of surplus chassis/backplane in order to make this work.