As I am taking a short break from law school final exams, my take on Pinochet, for what its worth...And we begin with....
Washington Post Editorial on Pinochet
:Q
Honestly, I never thought the Post would have written an editorial that ultimately praised Pinochet's legacy.
"AUGUSTO PINOCHET, who died Sunday at the age of 91, has been vilified for three decades in and outside of Chile, the South American country he ruled for 17 years. For some he was the epitome of an evil dictator. That was partly because he helped to overthrow, with U.S. support, an elected president considered saintly by the international left: socialist Salvador Allende, whose responsibility for creating the conditions for the 1973 coup is usually overlooked. Mr. Pinochet was brutal: More than 3,000 people were killed by his government and tens of thousands tortured, mostly in his first three years. Thousands of others spent years in exile.
It's hard not to notice, however, that the evil dictator leaves behind the most successful country in Latin America. In the past 15 years, Chile's economy has grown at twice the regional average, and its poverty rate has been halved. It's leaving behind the developing world, where all of its neighbors remain mired. It also has a vibrant democracy. Earlier this year it elected another socialist president, Michelle Bachelet, who suffered persecution during the Pinochet years.
Like it or not, Mr. Pinochet had something to do with this success. To the dismay of every economic minister in Latin America, he introduced the free-market policies that produced the Chilean economic miracle -- and that not even Allende's socialist successors have dared reverse. He also accepted a transition to democracy, stepping down peacefully in 1990 after losing a referendum.
By way of contrast, Fidel Castro -- Mr. Pinochet's nemesis and a hero to many in Latin America and beyond -- will leave behind an economically ruined and freedomless country with his approaching death. Mr. Castro also killed and exiled thousands. But even when it became obvious that his communist economic system had impoverished his country, he refused to abandon that system: He spent the last years of his rule reversing a partial liberalization. To the end he also imprisoned or persecuted anyone who suggested Cubans could benefit from freedom of speech or the right to vote.
The contrast between Cuba and Chile more than 30 years after Mr. Pinochet's coup is a reminder of a famous essay written by Jeane J. Kirkpatrick, the provocative and energetic scholar and U.S. ambassador to the United Nations who died Thursday. In "Dictatorships and Double Standards," a work that caught the eye of President Ronald Reagan, Ms. Kirkpatrick argued that right-wing dictators such as Mr. Pinochet were ultimately less malign than communist rulers, in part because their regimes were more likely to pave the way for liberal democracies. She, too, was vilified by the left. Yet by now it should be obvious: She was right."
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I'm sure this won't be a popular opinion, but from my perspective, if the choice was a Soviet-backed Allende vs. US-backed Pinochet, then Pinochet made more sense. The US chose the lesser of two evils. Of course, this was based on an interest-based U.S. foreign policy rooted in realpolitik, which in turn had certain unfortunate moral consequences. This may explain why numerous conservatives and liberals currently advocate a value-based foreign policy approach. Certainly, this is easier said than done, as the war in Iraq has proven. That said, I have no love for the Jim Baker approach to foreign policy. His massive f***-up after the first Gulf War hasn't garnered him enough flak
Back on topic...as far as Pinochet goes, I don't think there was a better alternative. Allende was backed by the Soviet government (little surprise there) through the KGB. So the United States chose the pro-Western autocrat over the anti-Western totalitarian. There is no denying it: Pinochet was a son-of-a-bitch, a dictator who swiped millions of dollars from Chilean coffers. Thor Halvorssen, President of the Human Rights Foundation in New York, characterized Pinochet's brutality succinctly:
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Inspired by the Chilean congressional vote to remove Salvador Allende from power, Augusto Pinochet took full control of Chile ? by force. He shut down parliament, suffocated political life, banned trade unions, and made Chile his sultanate. His government disappeared 3,000 opponents, arrested 30,000 (torturing thousands of them), and controlled the country until 1990. Some insist he ?saved? Chile from Marxist tyranny and created an economic miracle. Allende, a democratically elected thug, had set about dismantling Chilean democracy and civil society. The argument goes that, had Allende become a Chilean Castro, it is probable many more would have died and millions suffered (the death and torture toll from Fidel Castro?s totalitarian dictatorship being far greater than Pinochet?s). Why only two alternatives? Why couldn?t Chile have enjoyed economic prosperity and the widespread protection of human rights and the rule of law? Freedom might have been a messy, clumsy, and imperfect alternative but despotism, as Pinochet and Castro demonstrate, is a lot messier. Pinochet?s name will forever be linked to the Desaparecidos, the Caravan of Death, and the institutionalized torture that took place in the Villa Grimaldi complex."
Modern Latin American history indicates that Allende would have quite likely become a Chilean Castro, and would have killed and tortured far more (as Castro actually has). Sadly, Allende and Pinochet were the options at the time. And the Post got it right: Pinochet's free-market reforms left Chile an economic prosperous country, whereas Cuba is an economic sink-hole. Pinochet was the only Latin American dictator to seriously embrace free market reforms. Notwithstanding his horrible human rights record, I am not surprised the international left despised him. He actually accomplished what every other dictator merely promised: he left the country far better than when he found it. Now that is a sick paradox. There was no excuse for Pinochet's crimes, and it would have been just for the Chilean people to have held Pinochet accountable for his horrible crimes. The best they did was to vote him out of office in a plebiscite. And the bastard actually stepped down, which was remarkable for a South American dictator.
What is even more remarkable is that the Chilean people either loved or hated him. There's an old Spanish joke about Franco that is equally applicable in the case of Pinochet:
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A reporter traveled to Spain to learn what people think of Franco. Upon arriving in a village, the reporter asked one man, but the man insisted they walk out into the country. Yet once there, he still hesitated. "Let's go by that lake," he said. When they arrived at the lake, the reporter asked yet again, but the man insisted that they take a row-boat out of the middle of the lake. When they got there and the reporter asked again, the man finally leaned over and whispered, "I like him."
Halvorssen asked the right question: why only two alternatives? Any theories folks? Does a interests-based foreign policy make more sense than a value-based one?
Okay...rant over. Back to law school finals. :clock: