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Can anyone explain to me why the US needs more than ten nuclear weapons?

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Originally posted by: Stunt
There's no reason for US nuclear warheads.

This, from a Canadian. :roll:

Let me ask you this, OP. Let's say your name is Hatfield, and across the street from you is a family named McCoy. Your two families aren't on very good terms, and to keep your families safe, you've each stockpiled some weapons, so that if one family starts to shoot, it's pretty much a given that they'll receive return fire. An uneasy peace now exists, since you each know that as long as you keep the peace, you'll have peace yourself, and not have to worry about your family dying.

That's pretty much how the idea of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) came about, and what led to the increcible buildup of nuclear weapons in the first place, and why every SALT and START treaty we signed with the USSR made certain that no one country had a numerical advantage over the other, as we both started to dismantle our vast array of death dealing missiles & bombs.

Now........how far do you think the USSR would have taken us seriously, if they'd had (say) 2000 nuclear bombs, and we'd had TEN?? Could we have taken out enough of their command structure, infrasctructure and military bases for them to worry about us?? I'm pretty sure that if we'd stuck to our guns, and limited our weapons buildup to just TEN hydrogen bombs, we'd all be calling each other comrade right now.

But hey, nowadays we're buddies with the Russians, right? If that's the case, why then do they still have thousands of nuclear weapons in their arsenal?? And with the volatility of the Russian government, and the fact that there are STILL hard line communists that would love nothing more than to return back to the heyday of the USSR, would it really be in the best interest of the USA, let alone the world, for us to dismantle all but ten of our weapons??

I don't know about you, but I sleep better at night, knowing that we still hold the ultimate trump card.
 
Originally posted by: Stunt
There's no reason for US nuclear warheads.

No reason? That's the dumbest thing I've ever heard. No warheads renders us almost powerless against any country that has them (China, Russia, N Korea, and soon Iran).
 
Originally posted by: Craig234
We have the means to protect ten nuclear missiles from attack, including nuclear attack. That is more than enough to deter any nation from attacking us if a nuclear deterrent can.

Can anyone justify why we need more than 10, with all the billions in expense?

I saw Robert McNamara speak, where he said in his view we need zero for a reliable deterrent, and five missiles would be enough if there have to be any.

As the secretary of defense at the height of the cold war, he knows about the topic.

The fact that you believe we can protect only 10 missiles from attack is stupid. Suppose Russia gained knowledge of the locations of our big deterrent of 10 nukes and took them out...now what? Our subs carry more than 10 nukes a piece of them, and you want to have only 10.
 
Originally posted by: marvdmartian
Originally posted by: Stunt
There's no reason for US nuclear warheads.

This, from a Canadian. :roll:

Your point is? He can't have a good opinion for some reason?

Let me ask you this, OP. Let's say your name is Hatfield, and across the street from you is a family named McCoy. Your two families aren't on very good terms, and to keep your families safe, you've each stockpiled some weapons, so that if one family starts to shoot, it's pretty much a given that they'll receive return fire. An uneasy peace now exists, since you each know that as long as you keep the peace, you'll have peace yourself, and not have to worry about your family dying.

You have a bad analogy, because there's a difference between how a few inbred members of a family might make a choice in a feud, and how nations make a choice based on perceived national interest and the scale of the issue. You can have inflamed relations - look at India and Pakistan, Israel and its neighbors - but it doesn't make them the same, and the analogy between a few people and bullets has no bearing on the deterrent needed for nuclear war.

A better analogy, in fact, might be to having that uneasy truce between the Hatfields and McCoys, but your reasons are used to give everyone of the Harfields a gun, including the children, and the next thing you know, a boy shoots a McCoy, and the war is on, disaster which could have been prevented if a smaller but still good deterrent had been in place. Again, we could always build more nukes if needed, we're talking about to deter.

Do the math - why would Russia or China want a nuclear war with the US at all, much less to take a nuclear hit as the cost? You're arguing irrationally.

That's pretty much how the idea of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) came about, and what led to the increcible buildup of nuclear weapons in the first place, and why every SALT and START treaty we signed with the USSR made certain that no one country had a numerical advantage over the other, as we both started to dismantle our vast array of death dealing missiles & bombs.

Which had to do more with politics than nuclear strategy. It was a time of crazy paranoia as well, as I noted above, with baseless escalation in the numbers of weapons by the US.

The USSR countered our build up with their own because they had to have enough to survive our huge first strike numbers.

If all the nations pare down the numbers, you don't need hundreds or thousands for big damage and a deterrent.

Look at the politics - John Kennedy won the presidency over something that wasn't true, as he claimed we were behind in a missile gap.

Once in office he determined we had 1,000 missiles to their four.

Yes, four missiles, while we were screaming to have to build more. (I've never seen any conclusive info that he knew the gap was false when he ran on it).

Now........how far do you think the USSR would have taken us seriously, if they'd had (say) 2000 nuclear bombs, and we'd had TEN?? Could we have taken out enough of their command structure, infrasctructure and military bases for them to worry about us?? I'm pretty sure that if we'd stuck to our guns, and limited our weapons buildup to just TEN hydrogen bombs, we'd all be calling each other comrade right now.

Yes, they would, since the ten are safe from a first strike.

At the height of the cold war, as JFK was pouring billions into more warheads, look at what he said in a major speech about war and peace with the Soviet Union:

We have also been talking in Geneva about the other first-step measures of arms control designed to limit the intensity of the arms race and to reduce the risks of accidental war. Our primary long range interest in Geneva, however, is general and complete disarmament-- designed to take place by stages, permitting parallel political developments to build the new institutions of peace which would take the place of arms. The pursuit of disarmament has been an effort of this Government since the 1920's. It has been urgently sought by the past three administrations. And however dim the prospects may be today, we intend to continue this effort--to continue it in order that all countries, including our own, can better grasp what the problems and possibilities of disarmament are.

While we proceed to safeguard our national interests, let us also safeguard human interests. And the elimination of war and arms is clearly in the interest of both. No treaty, however much it may be to the advantage of all, however tightly it may be worded, can provide absolute security against the risks of deception and evasion. But it can--if it is sufficiently effective in its enforcement and if it is sufficiently in the interests of its signers--offer far more security and far fewer risks than an unabated, uncontrolled, unpredictable arms race.

(There was an obsolete sentence too:

"The United States, as the world knows, will never start a war.")

But hey, nowadays we're buddies with the Russians, right? If that's the case, why then do they still have thousands of nuclear weapons in their arsenal??

For a variety of reasons, from the cost of getting rid of them to the fact that they, unlike us, face a rival who is pouring hundreds of billions into missile defense research.

And with the volatility of the Russian government, and the fact that there are STILL hard line communists that would love nothing more than to return back to the heyday of the USSR, would it really be in the best interest of the USA, let alone the world, for us to dismantle all but ten of our weapons??

It would not be in our interest to get rid of our deterrent. We need ten or fewer missiles for a deterrent.

I don't know about you, but I sleep better at night, knowing that we still hold the ultimate trump card.

You underestimate the problems and risks of the thousands of warheads, and your desire for overkill is not enough to justify the billions and risk. You have nothing better?
 
Originally posted by: ntdz
Originally posted by: Stunt
There's no reason for US nuclear warheads.

No reason? That's the dumbest thing I've ever heard. No warheads renders us almost powerless against any country that has them (China, Russia, N Korea, and soon Iran).

Learn to argue without the childish attacks.

We have you saying we'd be "almost powerless" and the longest serving Secretary of Defense during the height of the cold war saying "complete deterrent". Who knows more?

Since you make no substantive argument for your view, you lose by forfeit.
 
Originally posted by: Schadenfroh
Originally posted by: her209
Originally posted by: TerryMathews
Originally posted by: brxndxn
Originally posted by: JD50
Why do snipers carry more than one round?
Why don't airplanes carry exactly the amount of fuel to get to the destination?
Why do PCs need more than 640K of RAM?
Why do I burn stuff on DVD+R when it would perfectly fit on a CD-R?
Why did my friend buy a Core 2 Conroe, 2gb of DDR2 ram, a geforce 8800 GT, and a SB XiFi Fatality and does nothing but play CounterStrike 1.6?
Why do people buy Macs? 😀:evil:
 
Originally posted by: her209
Originally posted by: Schadenfroh
Originally posted by: her209
Originally posted by: TerryMathews
Originally posted by: brxndxn
Originally posted by: JD50
Why do snipers carry more than one round?
Why don't airplanes carry exactly the amount of fuel to get to the destination?
Why do PCs need more than 640K of RAM?
Why do I burn stuff on DVD+R when it would perfectly fit on a CD-R?
Why did my friend buy a Core 2 Conroe, 2gb of DDR2 ram, a geforce 8800 GT, and a SB XiFi Fatality and does nothing but play CounterStrike 1.6?
Why do people buy Macs? 😀:evil:

Suckers for punishment 😛
 
I think its pretty obvious, what if those 10 are destroyed? So far, anytime someone says something like that, your response is "but we can protect 10 missles". Sorry, nothing is one hundred percent safe. Now, what if our enemies find the location of those 10 missles and destroy them?
 
Originally posted by: ntdz
Originally posted by: Stunt
There's no reason for US nuclear warheads.
No reason? That's the dumbest thing I've ever heard. No warheads renders us almost powerless against any country that has them (China, Russia, N Korea, and soon Iran).
Lets face it...in this day in age, no western nation would use a nuclear weapon.
All wars are fought with conventional weapons, and that's where the US military flexes its muscles. Show me a war at any time in history where nukes would have been the perferred weapon.

Trust me, if anyone attacked the US; I would be the first one to advocate kicking their asses (hell, look at the response of the world after 9/11). Nukes have outlived their novelty; people know they will get wiped out if they mess with the US...you don't need thousands to make this point.

marvdmartian can go fvck himself for the personal attack 😀
 
Originally posted by: Stunt
Originally posted by: ntdz
Originally posted by: Stunt
There's no reason for US nuclear warheads.
No reason? That's the dumbest thing I've ever heard. No warheads renders us almost powerless against any country that has them (China, Russia, N Korea, and soon Iran).
Lets face it...in this day in age, no western nation would use a nuclear weapon.
All wars are fought with conventional weapons, and that's where the US military flexes its muscles. Show me a war at any time in history where nukes would have been the perferred weapon.

Trust me, if anyone attacked the US; I would be the first one to advocate kicking their asses (hell, look at the response of the world after 9/11). Nukes have outlived their novelty; people know they will get wiped out if they mess with the US...you don't need thousands to make this point.

marvdmartian can go fvck himself for the personal attack 😀

Exactly, no western nation would use nukes. That why I mentioned China, Russia, N Korea and Iran, none of which are western countries. How could the US "wipe out" a country without nuclear weapons? How could we fight a ground war if our enemy has nukes and uses them on our bases? We can't, we MUST have nukes to ensure our enemy can't/won't use them so we could theoretically use our conventional military to win.

BTW, it's not the dumbest thing I've heard, I take that back. I generally like your opinions, but I disagree with this one.
 
Originally posted by: Craig234
Originally posted by: ntdz
Originally posted by: Stunt
There's no reason for US nuclear warheads.

No reason? That's the dumbest thing I've ever heard. No warheads renders us almost powerless against any country that has them (China, Russia, N Korea, and soon Iran).

Learn to argue without the childish attacks.

We have you saying we'd be "almost powerless" and the longest serving Secretary of Defense during the height of the cold war saying "complete deterrent". Who knows more?

Since you make no substantive argument for your view, you lose by forfeit.

I don't care what he says, he's delusional. We could never, EVER, win a war with Russia or China if they had nukes and we didn't. Period. Their nukes would wipe our military and navy off the face of the earth. Now lets say we have nukes and they would be risking having their whole country turned to rubble; I don't think they'd use nukes on our conventional military.
 
Originally posted by: ntdz
Originally posted by: Stunt
Originally posted by: ntdz
Originally posted by: Stunt
There's no reason for US nuclear warheads.
No reason? That's the dumbest thing I've ever heard. No warheads renders us almost powerless against any country that has them (China, Russia, N Korea, and soon Iran).
Lets face it...in this day in age, no western nation would use a nuclear weapon.
All wars are fought with conventional weapons, and that's where the US military flexes its muscles. Show me a war at any time in history where nukes would have been the perferred weapon.

Trust me, if anyone attacked the US; I would be the first one to advocate kicking their asses (hell, look at the response of the world after 9/11). Nukes have outlived their novelty; people know they will get wiped out if they mess with the US...you don't need thousands to make this point.

marvdmartian can go fvck himself for the personal attack 😀
Exactly, no western nation would use nukes. That why I mentioned China, Russia, N Korea and Iran, none of which are western countries. How could the US "wipe out" a country without nuclear weapons? How could we fight a ground war if our enemy has nukes and uses them on our bases? We can't, we MUST have nukes to ensure our enemy can't/won't use them so we could theoretically use our conventional military to win.

BTW, it's not the dumbest thing I've heard, I take that back. I generally like your opinions, but I disagree with this one.
By wipe out, I don't mean take out every civillian...
Strategically take out military, communcations, leadership targets by air. This would not require an invasion or nukes; because lets face it, it's not the decisions of the masses to produce nukes or attack another nation. (see current views on Iraq for example)

Everyone around the world knows you have access to the best technology and weapons mankind has to offer, and the funding to back it all. To require stocked nukes because other people are developing is a lost cause in my opinion.
 
The new weapons are to replace the old ones still in the stockpile. Nuclear weapons are actually a perishable item. Components age, explosives deteriorate, and fissile/fusion material changes with the passage of time.

The US is fielding fewer and fewer nuclear weapons than ever before since the end of the cold war and the various arms reduction treaties.

While more strategic weapon systems are in use than are most likely needed that is one of the important aspects of a deterrent. It has to be very hard to neutralize and maintain the ability to retaliate if one part of the system is compromised or destroyed (high survivability).
 
Originally posted by: Schadenfroh
Redundancy, take out the 10, we are defenseless, the best way to deploy nuclear weapons is with submarines. That being said, you will still need enough to destroy every inch of Chinese and Russian land (with plenty of backups, in case they have anti-missile shields (which can be compensated for by having thousands of dummy warheads and bogus missiles) and/or manage to take out a large portion of the submarines). Plus, not all nukes are created equal, you have city busters, tactical nukes, etc.

As of now, we do not have enough nukes to cover more than 50% of china, not sure about russia. China has mountains. Mountian terrain vastly decrease the effectiveness of a nuclear warhead. We could take out half thier population, which would only leave 600 million pissed off chinese to deal with. Unfortunatly for us, the US could be crippled with FAR fewer warheads. The midwest, being exceptionaly flat, could be taken out with less than a dozen.
 
Another useful point is that nuclear weapons are not NEARLY as powerful as people think they are. Are they the most destructive weapons on the planet? Most certainly. If we nuke a city will it be completely destroyed? Not even close. The heat and blast that even a particularly huge nuke generates is not enough to destroy a plurality of buildings in today's cities. Sure there are plenty of other bad effects that come with it, but that's another reason to have more then 10 nukes. If you're going to nuke someone, do it right.
 
Originally posted by: Strk
If it makes you feel any better, we've reduced our stockpile by the thousands. I believe our most recent treaty with Russia will bring us down to around 1,300.
Currently, we have about 12,500 'acknowledged' weapons, reducing to 2220 by 2012.

As for why we need more than ten, I can think of a few reasons (though I might be biased, as my grandfather was employed designing missile silos after WW II 😛). First, ten nukes is not necessarily going to deter even one nation from attacking. Bear in mind that the aristocracy, not the populus, makes decisions that would involve us nuking them. Their survival in such a scenario is not necessarily impacted by 10 nukes, as you can always escape to safety if you are a member of the aristocracy. Second, to eliminate enemy military capabilities. If we had only ten nukes, we would not be able to take out even half of Russia's military bases, let alone anyone else's, which brings me to point #3. As others have mentioned, more nukes are necessary to deter alliances. We could blow up a handful of military installations with ten nukes. But that wouldn't have any dramatic impact on a powerful alliance's ability to wage war. On the other hand, we have 12,500 'acknowledged' weapons - at least enough to hold someone's attention and make them think twice before doing something rash, though probably a bit more than is practically necessary. 20 minutes (approximate travel time for an ICBM between us and Russia) is enough time to evacuate the president (maybe), but not all of Ft. Bragg. I've never been a secretary of defense, but this is what comes to mind off the top of my head.

My bottom line is this: our nukes force others to fight fair, sticking to conventional weapons. When they fight fair, there is much less to worry about in the grand scheme of things. IIRC, it costs more to dismantle a nuke than maintain it for 50 years, so let's maintain and hope that the world becomes a little saner so we can do away with these things before much longer.
 
Originally posted by: Thorny
Originally posted by: Schadenfroh
Redundancy, take out the 10, we are defenseless, the best way to deploy nuclear weapons is with submarines. That being said, you will still need enough to destroy every inch of Chinese and Russian land (with plenty of backups, in case they have anti-missile shields (which can be compensated for by having thousands of dummy warheads and bogus missiles) and/or manage to take out a large portion of the submarines). Plus, not all nukes are created equal, you have city busters, tactical nukes, etc.

As of now, we do not have enough nukes to cover more than 50% of china, not sure about russia. China has mountains. Mountian terrain vastly decrease the effectiveness of a nuclear warhead. We could take out half thier population, which would only leave 600 million pissed off chinese to deal with. Unfortunatly for us, the US could be crippled with FAR fewer warheads. The midwest, being exceptionaly flat, could be taken out with less than a dozen.

Don't forget, too, that large population centers generally make the effectiveness of a large weapon higher, because of the higher concentration of population over a smaller area. The radiation blast from an h-bomb only goes so far, so if you have 10 million people in a 10 square mile area, and do a 10 megaton air burst over their heads, you're more likely to see greater casualties than if you had those same 10 million people in a 100 square mile area. China's a fairly large land mass, with quite a few people spread out over it........tho I'll admit I don't know what the ratio of their population to urban versus rural areas is, compared to the USA.
Targeting generally goes in the order of (1) military targets, (2) infrastructure targets, then (3) population targets. Since the midwestern USA carries the highest ratio of missile silos than anywhere else in the country, it's going to get hit early on, in hopes of taking away any retaliatory strike capabilities. The population centers that would be hit in the midwest would likely only be those with military bases nearby, or those that would take out the greatest amount of infrastructure.
Gives ya a warm fuzzy, eh? 😉

 
Originally posted by: BrownTown
10 nukes aint even clost to enough to do what the US needs them for. Say we are being attacked by some other country, blowing up their 10 biggest cities isn't gonna be nearly enouhg to cripple their military output. Or if THEY have 200 nukes in 20 different locations then we can only blow up half them and then say bye bye to our 100 largest cities. OR if its a country like say Russia then say good bye to ever city that even meets the clssification of "city". You need at least a few hundred to really be convincing to deter any attack.

Actually if we ever see the day where a nuclear weapon takes out say NewYork or San Francisco it is my opinion we will be so busy dealin g with the injured who lived and dealing with the prevention of diseases and contamination of our food sources and other things that we will call back all troops just to seal ourt own borders. In order to deal efectively with such a catastrophie we as a nation would have to become isolatoinists again. YOu really expect the world other than a few countries to offer to lend us a hand???...hmmmm
 
Originally posted by: Craig234
We have the means to protect ten nuclear missiles from attack, including nuclear attack. That is more than enough to deter any nation from attacking us if a nuclear deterrent can.

Can anyone justify why we need more than 10, with all the billions in expense?

I saw Robert McNamara speak, where he said in his view we need zero for a reliable deterrent, and five missiles would be enough if there have to be any.

As the secretary of defense at the height of the cold war, he knows about the topic.

This is easy. Hell, I'll even justify according to your own political ideology, even though I disagree with it. JOBS. High-paying, highly technical, science-based, government and union jobs no less. You would think that an idealistic altruistic and noble "left winger" like yourself would approve of such a government funded pure research make-work program like this.
 
Originally posted by: JEDIYoda
Originally posted by: BrownTown
10 nukes aint even clost to enough to do what the US needs them for. Say we are being attacked by some other country, blowing up their 10 biggest cities isn't gonna be nearly enouhg to cripple their military output. Or if THEY have 200 nukes in 20 different locations then we can only blow up half them and then say bye bye to our 100 largest cities. OR if its a country like say Russia then say good bye to ever city that even meets the clssification of "city". You need at least a few hundred to really be convincing to deter any attack.

Actually if we ever see the day where a nuclear weapon takes out say NewYork or San Francisco it is my opinion we will be so busy dealin g with the injured who lived and dealing with the prevention of diseases and contamination of our food sources and other things that we will call back all troops just to seal ourt own borders. In order to deal efectively with such a catastrophie we as a nation would have to become isolatoinists again. YOu really expect the world other than a few countries to offer to lend us a hand???...hmmmm

I have a different view. We plunge into civil war and an authortarian rises from the ashes.
Then the world will be in for it as will we.


 
Originally posted by: Vic
Originally posted by: Craig234
We have the means to protect ten nuclear missiles from attack, including nuclear attack. That is more than enough to deter any nation from attacking us if a nuclear deterrent can.

Can anyone justify why we need more than 10, with all the billions in expense?

I saw Robert McNamara speak, where he said in his view we need zero for a reliable deterrent, and five missiles would be enough if there have to be any.

As the secretary of defense at the height of the cold war, he knows about the topic.

This is easy. Hell, I'll even justify according to your own political ideology, even though I disagree with it. JOBS. High-paying, highly technical, science-based, government and union jobs no less. You would think that an idealistic altruistic and noble "left winger" like yourself would approve of such a government funded pure research make-work program like this.

Nah he clearly spelled out what he wants to do. Spend money dismantling the bombs so we get down to 10 of them. Then, when a threat arises spend more money on building them back up. I dont remember which page, I think it was in his 2nd or 3rd response.

It is a classic spend and waste big govt response to a situation and I got a good laugh out of it.

 
Originally posted by: Genx87
Originally posted by: Vic
Originally posted by: Craig234
We have the means to protect ten nuclear missiles from attack, including nuclear attack. That is more than enough to deter any nation from attacking us if a nuclear deterrent can.

Can anyone justify why we need more than 10, with all the billions in expense?

I saw Robert McNamara speak, where he said in his view we need zero for a reliable deterrent, and five missiles would be enough if there have to be any.

As the secretary of defense at the height of the cold war, he knows about the topic.

This is easy. Hell, I'll even justify according to your own political ideology, even though I disagree with it. JOBS. High-paying, highly technical, science-based, government and union jobs no less. You would think that an idealistic altruistic and noble "left winger" like yourself would approve of such a government funded pure research make-work program like this.

Nah he clearly spelled out what he wants to do. Spend money dismantling the bombs so we get down to 10 of them. Then, when a threat arises spend more money on building them back up. I dont remember which page, I think it was in his 2nd or 3rd response.

It is a classic spend and waste big govt response to a situation and I got a good laugh out of it.
Ahh... oops, I missed that post (it was buried within a multitude of nested quotes).

Clearly, his altruism and selflessness knows no bounds. 😛
 
Originally posted by: marvdmartian
Originally posted by: Thorny
Originally posted by: Schadenfroh
Redundancy, take out the 10, we are defenseless, the best way to deploy nuclear weapons is with submarines. That being said, you will still need enough to destroy every inch of Chinese and Russian land (with plenty of backups, in case they have anti-missile shields (which can be compensated for by having thousands of dummy warheads and bogus missiles) and/or manage to take out a large portion of the submarines). Plus, not all nukes are created equal, you have city busters, tactical nukes, etc.

As of now, we do not have enough nukes to cover more than 50% of china, not sure about russia. China has mountains. Mountian terrain vastly decrease the effectiveness of a nuclear warhead. We could take out half thier population, which would only leave 600 million pissed off chinese to deal with. Unfortunatly for us, the US could be crippled with FAR fewer warheads. The midwest, being exceptionaly flat, could be taken out with less than a dozen.

Don't forget, too, that large population centers generally make the effectiveness of a large weapon higher, because of the higher concentration of population over a smaller area. The radiation blast from an h-bomb only goes so far, so if you have 10 million people in a 10 square mile area, and do a 10 megaton air burst over their heads, you're more likely to see greater casualties than if you had those same 10 million people in a 100 square mile area. China's a fairly large land mass, with quite a few people spread out over it........tho I'll admit I don't know what the ratio of their population to urban versus rural areas is, compared to the USA.
Targeting generally goes in the order of (1) military targets, (2) infrastructure targets, then (3) population targets. Since the midwestern USA carries the highest ratio of missile silos than anywhere else in the country, it's going to get hit early on, in hopes of taking away any retaliatory strike capabilities. The population centers that would be hit in the midwest would likely only be those with military bases nearby, or those that would take out the greatest amount of infrastructure.
Gives ya a warm fuzzy, eh? 😉

Actually, I remember being told that if a nuke was detonated over St Louis (about 110 miles from me) that there would be serious health effects here, due to the flat terrain and wind patterns. But for areas with hilly or mountainous terrain the effectiveness takes a nose dive, because the earth absorbs the blast.

If I recall, the bombs dropped in Hiroshima and Nagasaki were vastly different in output. However the smaller bomb caused more deaths due to the terrain.

 
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