[Y]ou will need to boot a live CD and re-install grub.[...]
Golden! 😉You should have installed Grub to the MBR (master boot record).[...]
Strongly suggest you backup windows before you do any of this.
$ sudo mv /boot/grub /boot/grub_backup
$ sudo apt-get purge grub grub-pc grub-common
$ sudo mkdir /boot/grub
$ sudo apt-get install grub-pc grub-common
$ sudo apt-get clean
$ sudo grub-install -v
$ sudo update-grub
$ sudo grub-install --recheck /dev/sda