Originally posted by: Kelvrick
Originally posted by: OS
it's on wiki if one searches by "hard water", which is water high in minerals.
i think it says limestone mostly precipitates out when you boil it.
I think you might have read it wrong.
Temporary hardness is hardness that can be removed by boiling or by the addition of lime
In any case, it only comes out from the water that was boiled, which kind of defeats the purpose of the OP boiling water to drink it.
it says lime is calcium hydroxide
"Temporary hardness
Temporary hardness is hardness that can be removed by boiling or by the addition of lime (calcium hydroxide). It is caused by a combination of calcium ions and bicarbonate ions in the water. Boiling, which promotes the formation of carbonate from the bicarbonate, will precipitate calcium carbonate out of solution, leaving water that is less hard on cooling.
It should be noted that the above explanation is an oversimplification of the process that is occurring. The following equilibrium reaction actually happens when calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is "dissolved" in water:
CaCO3 (solid) + H2O (liquid) + CO2 (gas) ? Ca2+ (aqueous) + 2 HCO3- (aqueous)
Upon heating, less CO2 is able to dissolve into the water. Since there is not enough CO2 around, the reaction cannot proceed from left to right, and therefore the CaCO3 will not "dissolve" as readily. Instead, the reaction is forced to go from right to left (i.e. products to reactants) to reestablish equilibrium, and solid CaCO3 is formed.
Heating water will remove hardness as long as the solid CaCO3 that precipitates out is removed. After cooling, if enough time passes the water will pick up CO2 from the air and the reaction will again proceed from left to right, allowing the CaCO3 to "redissolve" in the water."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_water
"Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed largely of the mineral calcite (calcium carbonate: CaCO3)."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limestone