Originally posted by: Genx87
a) They calculate unemployment in a different way. You ignored my previous post with data from 2003 when France had both higher unemployment rate and higher employment rate. If you read a little bit on how they compute the stat you'll understand how this is possible.
Can you show us a link showing how most of the EU calculates their unemployment rates? Last time I researched it, the only difference was the age at which they determined you eligible for work. In the United States it is 16 years of age, in most EU countries it is 15.
The main difference is how you calculate the Labor Force, which is the denominator of the equation you use to calculate unemployment.
There are a few differences both qualitative and quantitative. For example:
People in jail are considered outside the labor force in the US, but not in Europe. 1.5% of the available working population in the U.S. is incarcerated prisons.
Discouraged workers. People who are not actively looking for a job. The number of months before one is considered discouraged varies tremendously. In the US is just 4 months, in Europe varies, reaching as much as 18 months in Scandinavian countries. If you are considered outside the labor force you are not counted as unemployed. The long period before before being considered unemployed also works as an incentive to delay seeking a job, as you get welfare in the meanwhile.
Underemployed or part-time jobs. In many EU country you are not considered employed if you do not work the amount of hours considered full-time are not considered employed. In the US if you work one hour a week you are effectively considered employed.
Also, in places with welfare linked to unemployment there is an incentive not to declare timely changes in employment status to collect welfare.
This creates the possibility of something like this happening:
Quote:
For the fourth quarter of 2004, according to OECD, (source Employment Outlook 2005 ISBN 92-64-01045-9), normalized unemployment for men aged 25 to 54 was 4.6% in the USA and 7.4% in France. At the same time and for the same population the employment rate (number of workers divided by population) was 86.3% in the USA and 86.7% in France.
This example shows that the unemployment rate is 60% higher in France than in the USA, yet more people in this demographic are working in France than in the USA, which is counterintuitive if it is expected that the unemployment rate reflects the health of the labor market.
This is because the definition of unemployment relies on the distinction between inactive and unemployed, a quite subjective measure which can be easily manipulated by policies that do not change the situation of the labor market, but decrease unemployment by shifting people from unemployed to inactive status.
Endquote.