Would you trust a Windows 10 ReFS mirrored storage space on that Icydock enclosure?
Trust? No. "Trust" for me is a higher bar than "works fine, I guess." Trust means "always works, often in spite of my stupidity." Using ReFS, or some other file system, doesn't change the math much either.
For "works fine, i guess" I would tend to prefer USB over eSATA, since I've personally had trouble with eSATA connections getting knocked loose too easily. Which, as you might imagine, can cause data loss. I would expect the IcyDock to work fine in that scenario, although I don't own one.
But I've also had my share of oddball spin-down / power-saving behavior with USB devices too, which isn't bad data-integrity-wise, but can cause spin-up delays and other performance issues. (You can theoretically solve those problems with the right enclosures, I know, but they bugged me enough that I gave up and built a server with all-internal HDDs instead.)
Also, the SATA port multipliers in a lot of those enclosures do have a little bit (or a lot) of a performance penalty, depending on the number and type of drives/controllers/expanders in question. (For two drives it generally doesn't matter. W/ a four-drive enclosure you notice the difference.)
My threshold for "trust" as far as external storage goes would honestly be an
external SAS enclosure and
appropriate controller card. Although it is a lot more expensive. You can save money on
controller cards and
cables by buying used. (They're usually data center pulls, were fairly well-treated and the new ones are scary-pricey.)