Zenmervolt
Elite member
- Oct 22, 2000
- 24,514
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There's where the problem comes from, refining is MORE than 100% efficient. It produces more energy than what comes out. I don't know the amount of energy required to refine a gallon of gasoline, but it is less than what the 1 gallon has in it.
So if you add the efficiency of the refining process, oil has a higher end to end efficiency than hydrogen (right now).
here's some unsubstantiated shit from a google search:
To extract one gallon of gasoline (or equivalent distillate): 9.66 kWh
To refine that gallon: 2.73 kWh additional energy.
Total: 12.39 kWh per gallon
One gallon of gasoline is 33kWh.
On the other hand, it takes 70kWh to create one liquid kg of hydrogen.
Assuming 40% conversion, that means each kg of hydrogen = 28kWh
One gallon of gas (33kWh) will get say 35mpg.
One kg of hydrogen gets 70mpg.
So two gallons of gas = 24.78kWh of energy spent getting 70 miles
1kg of hydrogen = 70kWh spent getting 70 miles
Nearly 3x as efficient to produce the gasoline.
Very interesting.
Basically, with hydrogen, we are effectively spending 70 kWh to get 28 in return, of which, roughly 16.8 are actually made use of at the wheels of a vehicle over 70 miles. This is an overall system efficiency of about 24%.
With gasoline we are effectively spending 24.78 kWh to get 66 in return, of which roughly 12.2 are made use of at the wheels of a vehicle over 70 miles. This is a total system efficiency of about 50%.
Something is a little off somewhere in the calculations since there shouldn't be that much of a difference in the net use, so either gasoline engines are a bit more efficient than my estimate or the Clarity is a bit less efficient than Honda's claims, but the basic idea you present seems right.
However, the salient point to remember here is that even though "refining" hydrogen requires more energy than the output, it is still price-comparable to refining gasoline. Also, because "refining" hydrogen means that the entire loop uses cleaner energy sources (nuclear, wind, hydroelectric, etc) the overall pollution may still be lower despite the energy deficit in refining. I firmly believe that the efficiency of hydrogen production, while it will never reach 100%, will eventually climb much higher than today.
ZV