If talking for them consists of "blaaaaaargh" and "roaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaar!!!" then I guess they do, but more seriously no, I haven't heard any actually speaking like humans or even using any sophisticated form of spoken communication, if they do then I must have been very unlucky not to hear them talk because I must have killed a good 40+ of them so far under three different games.
It's interesting indeed, I never played Fallout 2, I have read about the lore/back story though, but I never read about Deathclaws who could talk, you're saying that they do talk in Fallout 2 during actual game-play?