No. Dividends and capital gains are two seperate things. Dividends are taxed as normal income. Capital gains can be considered either short term (under 12 months, taxed at your marginal tax rate) or long term (taxed at a favorable capital gains rate). And to answer your question, they don't lead to faster long-run economic growth, since the total universe of investing dollars is technical finite, they simply lower the overall risk/reward profile and make it possible for risk-adverse investors to redeploy capital from high-risk/low yield/high-beta investments to commensurately now lower risk/low-beta/high yield securities and achieve the same risk-adjusted internal rate of return when all other factors are held constant. You're not creating new long-run economic growth, you're simply shifting it from one sector to another. That's probably not the answer your professor is looking for but it's the correct one.