So it really sounds like healthcare prices are inflated for everyone, since insurance = very marked down price and no insurance = mostly marked down price. Is there really a reason to have the crazy prices to begin with? Most hospitals are non-profits, so they aren't really getting tax benefits from writing off that $25k markdown. Maybe the individuals (ex. surgeons) get a hefty tax deduction.
All prices in healthcare are based on what Medicare is willing to pay for any particular procedure.
If Medicare says they'll pay $5k for something, everyone gets charged $5k for that, even if it only really costs $500 to do the procedure.
So, for this, you can blame Medicare.