It's usually one of the first lessons in college-level electronic component engineering textbooks. I have several textbooks that start out with a power supply as a starting example. One starts with the basics (a single capacitor as a power supply) and continues to add components until you end up with something close to the (non-switched) power supplies used in many applications. They usually cover switched power supplies as an aside.
Of course, these are college textbooks and are likely to be pretty steep ($50+) simply to learn a bit about power supplies. Write back if you want the titles though, and I'll go upstairs and get a couple for you.