Twisting the Treasury's arm
Major foreign investors, including more than 60 countries' central banks, hold more than $1.4 trillion in securities of U.S. agencies such as Fannie and Freddie, and they were getting extremely nervous as the two companies teetered on the edge of insolvency this summer. So were major U.S. financial institutions such as JPMorgan Chase (JPM, news, msgs) and Pimco, prompting the chief investment officer of the latter, Bill Gross, to pen a scathing article last week that warned of a financial "tsunami" if the U.S. Treasury failed to act quickly to guarantee their investments.
In late July, the Financial Times reported that the U.S. Embassy in Kuwait called that country's sovereign wealth fund managers to assure them of the soundness of U.S. agencies' bonds after the Kuwaitis announced they were not planning to buy the bonds in the future. Around the same time, Yu Yongding, a Chinese economist and former adviser to China's central bank, warned that if the U.S. government allowed Fannie and Freddie to fail and international investors were not compensated adequately, the consequences would be ?catastrophic."
He added: "If it's not the end of the world, it is the end of the current financial system."
Over the top? Not really, for U.S. mortgage loans had become the foundation of what Pimco co-CEO Mohammed El-Erian called the "global liquidity factory." If payments were scuttled, trillions of dollars that were borrowed against them in debt derivatives would become worthless, an event that had the potential to bring down countries, not just companies.
The Treasury chief discusses the government's decision to seize the mortgage giants..Now that Paulson has made his play, Americans are exposed to incredible danger. If that sounds like hyperbole, do the math:
Of the $4.7 trillion in U.S. debt already in private hands through last week, $2.4 trillion, more than half, was held by foreign investors. The Paulson plan to take over Fannie and Freddie adds an additional $5.4 trillion to U.S. debt, of which $1.4 trillion is owned by foreigners. Thus Paulson has committed to doubling U.S. debt and increased foreign exposure by around 50%.
This is plainly a troublesome matter on its face and may affect the country's overall sovereign credit rating. Now add to this exposure the likelihood of a sharp rise in demand for funds from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. and increased demands from the Federal Home Loan Bank system -- and consider that the U.S. faces slowing tax revenues from falling incomes amid swelling joblessness and recession -- and you begin to understand the size of the risk Paulson is taking in our behalf.