24bits are actually what is used. The extra 8 bits in 32bit color are used for the alpha channel (or transparency). 32bit color is arranged in RGBA (more or less), with 8 bits per channel. This means 32bit color has the same color accuracy as 24bit color.
The main reason 24bit color is a bit hard to find nowadays is because 32bit color is word aligned in memory (4 bytes), hence quicker to access. 24bit color is essentially packed (3 bytes), and harder to access quickly.
As for games being darker, adjust your gamma or birghtness levels in that particular game, or failing that, your video drivers if possible. Be careful to only nudge it one way or another. You can get some pretty ugly colors if you take it too far.
Video cards all have differing ideas of what color is, expecially ye ol' 3Dfx's wonderfully off center 1.7 gamma levels back when they were dominant. Games used to look quite dark with Nvida boards for this exact reason. Anyone remember using the utility "idgamma" for quake 1 or 2? Fun stuff. Lava can turn pinkish grey with a few overzealous modifications to the config files!