Try robocopy instead (comes with Vista/7).
ROBOCOPY source destination /MIR /R:0
Will mirror the contents of the source path with the destination path, and won't retry and files that failed. I use it all the time for customer data backups. It has a tonne more options such as customising the output to show only the files that failed to copy, and also has a summary of the operation when it completes. If you were to run it again after deleting or editing a couple of files, those changes will be reflected onto the destination.
I normally do CHKDSK driveletter: /f /v /r from a command prompt with admin privs on Vista/7 to do a full filesystem check, which ought to pick up bad sectors etc and attempt to recover data. If you're running Win7, be aware that a full disk check will consume all available RAM until it has finished, and as one might expect in a situation like that, system responsiveness goes to pot. Microsoft tells us that this is a feature, not a bug. Of course.