Does it work in another Windows 10 PC? Does it work in Windows 7?
I had some USB flash drives, that worked in Linux and Windows 7, but would NOT work in Windows 10, not without a firmware flash.
If this is a "Portable External HDD", not a "Desktop External HDD" (with it's own power-supply), then it could be a power issue too with your USB ports. Try plugged it into a USB3.0 port, try both the front port(s) and the rear ports. Also consider trying a self-powered (*with an AC power brick) USB3.0 hub, plug it into that, once the Hub is plugged into the wall (AC) and USB3.0 (on the PC).
If none of those things work, and it doesn't work in Linux or Windows 7 either, then it may be damaged, and need data-recovery. (Or worse, disposal.)