a) Because you're in shock so the body draws in a deep gulp of air.
b) The instict is to open the eyes as wide as possible; opening the mouth further widens the eyes (think women putting on eye liner).
c) Hand over face is two-fold: one is a subconcious comforting tell akin to hiding behind something to feel safer (hence people doing it also when embarrased or lying).
d) Two, to a lesser extent, it's a more consious politness issue similar to when you yawn, or whatever.
1 minute of thought answers your question. Give it a try.