There is a physical limit or attenuation that happens to an analog signal being sent over a copper line.
Typically data, whether normal Modulation/Demodulation (analog modems, 56k, ect..) or xDSL, travels in the frequency above the voice band.
Voice travelling down a wire also needs to be amplified after travelling so many miles on copper and this is done using Loading Coil devices.
Most likley there is at least 1 or 2 loading coils between your house and the CO. But if the last loading coil before your house is near 18,000 feet you do not want to extend your line inside your house much further because attenuation will become too great and your speeds will be dramatically reduced.
Best rule of thumb is to use as short a cable as you can since you have no idea where your next amplification point is and you can test out your speeds with differnt length cables if you are not sure and see what your speeds are over a period of time on the internet. Modems have the capability to change speeds during the session so if you can keep your speeds stable try reducing the lines.
Don't forget too that your premise wiring is also a big factor in how fast you can get. This is another topic altogether.
Hope this helps..