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IN ISLAM
In Islam, Moses is named Musa (for simplicity, Musa is referred to as Moses even in a Muslim context), and is clearly a prophet selected by God. In 20:13 this is stated directly by God. It is correct to say that Moses was the same messenger of his time, as Muhammad became in his. And just as Muhammad used to do, Moses refers to earlier prophets, of which Adam was the very first. Also we see that the presentation of him has many parallels to the one of Abraham ? there are more parallels than what is found in the Jewish/Christian tradition.
Moses was the messenger of a Koran, in the Arabic tongue (a piece of information which is strange considering that the his people did not understand Arabic, and in the Jewish traditions there are no indications of a holy book written in a language nobody could read or understand).
All in all the Koranic presentation of Moses' life is similar to the Biblical one. There are differences, but these are limited to less important details. But the Biblical stories are more detailed, and contain far more regulations for the society and religious rituals.
The Koran tells that Moses was put into a casket and placed on the river by direct command of God to his mother. The intent was to bring him into the house of God's enemies. But he is suckled by his mother, as the infant Moses refuses any other nurse. Also in the Koran we learn that he kills an Egyptian, an act which in the Koran is represented as unjust, Moses was misguided by Satan, and repents. And just like as in the Bible stories, Moses seeks refuge in Midyan. He is first called upon by God through the burning bush in Tuwa, and he is ordered to take God's message to Pharaoh.
Facing the Pharaoh and his sorcerers, Moses proves with the help of God, that he possesses the strongest power. The sorcerers are converted on the spot, but not Pharaoh. All in all, Moses performs 9 miracles: 1. The rod and the snake. 2. The white hand. 3. Deluge. 4. Locusts. 5. Lice. 6. Frogs. 7. Blood. 8. Darkness. 9. Dividing of the sea (after the start of the Exodus from Egypt).
Following the first 8 miracles, and by the will of God, Moses then sets out with his people, called Israelites. Equal to the Bible the Pharaoh tries to prevent this, and sends out his army which is overwhelmed by the ocean, which became the 9th miracle.
Soon, disagreements occur among the Israelites. Equal to the Bible, they melt their golden jewelry, in order to create a golden calf ? apparently representing the main god of the people before God. This act was instigated either by a Samaritan, it is believed, the Arabic word used in the Koran is "samari" (which also simply could be a proper name). This happens at the same time as Moses receives instructions and admonition on tablets from God. At his return to the Israelis, Moses reacts with anger over their infidelity, and commands them to change their ways immediately. The Israelis end up with wandering around in the wilderness for 40 years.
