There might be a couple other things going on chemically besides just a preference for the taste.
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/processed-carbohydrates-are-addictive-brain-study-suggests/
The insulin "rise-and-fall" because ingrained on a very young mind.
The sweet foods also cause a release of dopamine, and that is the "feel good" hormone that comes around after sex, certain drugs, exercise, etc. If someone is mentally in pain,
Some people love just the taste. I like the taste but it's the aftereffects that makes me prefer actual sugars over artificial sweeteners. Taste alone often does not satisfy in my case, the "jolt" and "comfort" is needed to approve the sweetener. The likes of grains, potatoes, certain fruits are similarly "satisfactory" to eat; basically any higher GI index food. Sucralose and acesulfame potassium are actually rather disgusting to eat. My mom is even more sensitive. Monkfruit extract, allulose, both "ruined" red bean paste that was homemade.
When I tried to go really low carb, a sort of meat and vegetables diet, cravings for specific foods like éclairs suddenly come out, a food I had not craved for years and I felt like garbage.
While my childhood diet had plenty of starch, being a mix of mild Eastern Chinese cuisine(which is arguably far unhealthier than the pungent, pickled/salty foods in the west) and cheap American store foods, it was not as bad as some other children. I normally hated cereal, normally hated bread, soda was not accessible, no Twinkies, and McDonalds and the like were never eaten. Mom would buy orange juice, which I also didn't like much but it is certainly better than many alternatives.
There's also a genetic factor, I apparently have the preference for sweet over salty, if ancestry's trait report is accurate.
There are anecdotes that even people other societies who consume some carbohydrates regularly are overwhelmed by the level of sweetness in American foods. Some things are overwhelmingly nasty sweet, like most store icings.