All |I can see as immediate impact is that you will have a very short backup time . . . so as soon as you get an alarm, power down gracefully right away. You can make it longer by not connecting your monitor. It is possible to execute a proper Windows shutdown with no Monitor . . . just hit Ctrl-Esc, then after a couplke of seconds, hit "u" and it will shutdown.
Your 300 P/S does not mean you are running 300 watts . . . that is a peak load capability that must cover all attached peripherals. The biggest power hog in any system is the monitor.
I have a 650 V-A (volt-amp, not watts) UPS, and I figure about 15 minutes with monitor and double that without.
Unless there is a power outtage, your system components connected to the UPS simply pass through. Just curious . . . why did you get such a small UPS?