Maybe I missed it in the review, did they ensure the reference R9 290X wasn't throttling during their testing?
No they did not. In fact, this review is completely flawed, as they state on the second page that the blower cooler might be limiting performance by throttling:
We're interested to see what the extra RAM provides for the Radeon R9 290X when it comes to game performance. Sapphire's Vapor-X is factory overclocked, though, so in order to isolate the difference we need to set our reference Radeon R9 290X to the same 1030 MHz core and 1375 MHz memory clocks. Because of this, any performance delta between the two should be a result of the extra memory (although Sapphire's improved cooler will probably affect the results, too, by allowing the GPU to stay in a boosted state for longer periods).
When whoever was editing this article saw this caveat, they should have pulled the article. I'm frankly shocked Tom's bothered to publish this. It took a lot of time to write, I'm sure, but simply pushing the fans to 100% on that reference 290X would have made the article worth reading.
And Russian - as for your sidenote on heat and noise, you should know quite well that the Vapor-X is a 12"-long triple-fan cooler, and the fact that it runs cooler and quieter than the 9.5"-long dual-fan SC cooler is not much of an accomplishment. The negative reaction to EVGA's ACX 2.0 has been completely overdone. It's an incredibly-compact cooler, and the fastest card to ever be released at under 10" long.