LVD means Low Voltage Differential.
Non-lvd is single ended: 16 data bit lines are refferenced to ground.
With differential, there are two lines per data bit. A positive and a negative line.
The positive line is compared to the negative line, not to the ground line (withing limits).
It is the difference between the positive and the negative that determines the logic state of a particular linr. So for wide scsi (16 bits), 32 actual data lines are needed, compared to 16 for single ended wide scsi.
The advantage of differential is that common mode noise (a voltage value that BOTH the positive and negative lines have) is ignored (up to a point).
What this boils down to is that data transfers are more reliable, or the data transfere rate can be higher for a given reliability (for a given error rate).
Paul