0.7C x distance x2. very theoretical there.
Yes, not counting switching/routing latency or serialization delay.
yeah, so long as your traffic doesn't taken a stupid path ( quite likely thax to BGP depending on the destination AS). But really serialization on 1G/10G links in line rate forwarding devices really does add that much latency. in my little test once accounting for the first hop latency (DSL) from my house (Australia) to boarder routers of my ISP on the US west coast the latency is very close to 0.7C x round trip distance.
I'd just like to point out the topic..."theoretical practical achievable"...it could be argued that all three of those are different.