The easiest answer would address well-designed client-server software. For instance, you would have a DBMS like ORACLE on the server, with client-apps designed for simultaneous multi-access loaded either from the client or the server system, but running on the client systems.
If it is a matter of "any old software" -- it would depend on whether multiple instances would collide -- for instance, saving program files and information to the same or different stores on the server.
But even if you can load a program for individual workstations from the server, you could not have workstation users opening the same files to work on simultaneously. The program would need to be designed for that prospect.
For example, I use NUANCE PaperPort 14. Individual workstation installations will work well simultaneously accessing the same document store on the same server -- because the program is designed to do that.