It's a Balun and impedence matching device.
Structured cabling ("Cat{3, 4, 5, 5e, 6 -and others-}") was developed to handle many / most / all signaling, not just networking.
Before structured cabling, you need different cables for terminals (rs232, rs485, Rg62 for 3270, twinax for 5250), rg58 for "thin" ethernet, RG8 for "thick" ethernet, rf over twinlead or rg59 or rg6 coax ...)
The idea was to have a single (somewhat) universal cable plant, then use adapters at the ends to match the signal to the media.
You can get adapters for serial (most any kind), 5250, 3270, token-ring networking, RGB video, baseband video, RF (antenna|cable TV), line-level audio ... nearly anything.
There are a few vendors. You can look up some of the adapters at places like
www.anixter.com, greybar.com .... and, of course, Google.
I use my structured cabling system to distribute baseband video + stereo audio to a couple locations from a central amp. It works pretty well, and the adapters were ~29.00 each.
I also use them for video from the CCTV cameras for the security system. No problems.
You would *not* want to transmit Ethernet through the same cable as anything else, it's out of spec and is asking for a world of "glitch" in your data.
FWIW
Scott