I remember years ago reading some website that was describing music as "thislisty" - as in music on the list or like it. Mostly stuff off the 4AD label, but the idea was that someone who liked, for example the cranes, would also like frank black - not exactly the sort of comparison that one would generally make, imho, but it actually worked pretty well.
Sooo ... if you've picked up modest mouse based on cassanova, you've no doubt picked up red red meat too. They're the bluesy half of cassanova - jimmywine majestic is prob the best album, bunny gets paid is okay... skip the first one though. Haven't heard their last one.
Judging from your selsction, you've probably heard all of these already, but I'll give it a shot:
strokes
walkmen
broken social scene
explosions in the sky <-instrumental and farthest from genre, but definitely kicks ass in new ways
Judging from your listed tastes, you find radio prog rock as unlistenable as I do. If you also like the ones I listed, absolutely check out pitchforkmedia.com if you haven't already.