I would definitely encourage adopting for your first dog, see if you can find a dog that is a couple years old and already housebroken.
For any dog rescuing is ideal.
OP...keep in mind the most intelligent dogs are actually the hardest to deal with unless you can devote a ton of time and give them a lot of stimulation.
Even 'dumb' dogs can learn all the basic commands and will end up being 'smarter' to most than that highly intelligent dog that's been neglected.
What size dog you want? Any types you like already? For a puppy, you will definitely want a crate (and when you adopt a dog, chances are they will be already used to one)...that factors into the dogs size as well.
I have owned dogs and went with a cattle dog/lab mix this time (found at 3 months old via petfinder.com) There are also tons of specific breed rescues if you insist on a purebred.
Also rescuing also gets you a pet that's usually been 'fixed', had shots and often microchipped.
My dog from the local humane society cost me all of $75, came with a weeks worth of food, 2 weeks free vet visits and treatments, microchip, all shots and free boosters for the first year, neutering, and some pretty nice coupons for his initial supplies.