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UV, haze, and protection filters: Think of UV, haze, and protection filters as lens insurance. The filters are often left in place at all times to protect the camera lens from dust, moisture, and scratches. As for affecting your film, UV filters (often called skylight) absorb the ultraviolet rays that can hinder the quality of your outdoor photographs.
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Polarizing filters: Polarizing filters reduce reflections from the sun and other polarized light sources. Make sure to choose the appropriate type. Autofocus cameras call for circular polarizing filters, while linear polarizing filters usually suit manual focus cameras.
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Contrast and color correction filters: Contrast and color correction filters permit more light of a specific color to pass to the film. For example, a yellow filter, which is a very popular choice with photographers shooting in black and white, increases the yellow light (while reducing the rest of the spectrum), which increases the contrast between clouds and the sky. Each filter is color-specific to give you control for enhancing your photographs. The most popular are yellow camera filters, green camera filters, orange camera filters, and red camera filters.
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Digital camera filters: Most digital cameras feature controls, such as ?white balance,? which may deliver equivalent effects and corrections otherwise achieved with a filter. What?s more, with digital-imaging software, you have the ability to add effects and perform corrections post-production. Still, you may want to use digital camera filters for polarizing, special effects, light balancing, or simply to protect a valuable lens.
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Color conversion filters:Use color conversion filters (or color temperature filters) to produce cooling and warming effects with color film. Cooling filters are blue. Warming filters are a pale yellow.
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Fluorescent filters: Several filter types perform light balancing to correct for unnatural lighting, such as overhead fluorescent lights.
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Special effects
roduce special effects by using filters such as starburst filters, diffusion filters, soft focus filters, mist/fog filters, and special color effects filters.
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Infrared filters: Used primarily for surveillance and science applications, infrared filters transmit light that is only detected with UV film.
*Neutral density filters: Get a neutral density filter if you plan to shoot long exposures by daylight. This type of filter is very useful for shooting subjects such as snow, sand, or other bright scenes.
Manufacturing camera filters
Camera filters may be laminated, sandwiched, or made of colored resin or glass.
*Laminated: The filtration is laminated onto a piece of glass or resin.
*Sandwiched: The filtration is sandwiched between two pieces of resin or glass. Polarizing filters are made with this technique.
* Glass: The filtration material is mixed into molten glass or resin. The finished product can be cut into extremely thin filters
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