8 core higher clocked thuban. Ideally with tweaks to improve ipc a bit.
(not very informed rant below)
It also would have been cheaper to produce.  Assuming transistor count scales linearly with core count (which it doesn't perfectly), Thuban is ~950 million transistors, an 8 core Thuban would be easily be well below the 2 billion that is Bulldozer.  Also to my understanding bigger chips are more likely to have yield issues, thus AMD could potentially be getting better yields with a smaller 8 core Thuban. 
Potentially this 8 core Thuban would be cheaper to develop.  Phenom II architecture is already designed.  Shrink, tweak, and make Phenom III.  
Also it potentially would be a drop in upgrade to current AM2+/AM3/AM3+ boards (Thuban works on some AM2+ boards) Now this decision may not make motherboard manufacturers happy in the short run, it would go wonders for winning loyalty with customers.  Also if your product is a disappointment, you won't sell many chipsets and motherboards anyways.
Also factor in pricing.  In this hypothetical world tweaked Thuban IPC > Thuban IPC.  Shrunk Thuban clocks > Thuban clocks.  8 cores > 6 cores.  This all points towards better performance, which means AMD can charge more, which is good for them.  
Factor in the smaller die size, potentially cheaper development costs, better performance, consumer loyalty points, and potentially higher asking price.  AMD would be doing a lot better.
Now my knowledge of silicon design is extremely limited so I don't know how much performance they could tweak out of Phenom II.  The thing that I keep wondering is, looking at all the resources and time they threw at Bulldozer and the results we currently have; couldn't a fraction of those resources gone towards a shrunk and tweaked Thuban and yielded better results?  Also this tweaked Thuban could have potentially come out a lot sooner.  Did AMD not realize that Bulldozer was a mess until October?
It just feels like a ridiculous amount of fail took place.