I have never seen a peltier make much of a difference in an air cooled system. Heck, even most of the water cooling kits I have seen people use are not beefy enough to handle a peltier. Also, unless you hava a 500+ watt Power Supply, you will need a 12v power supply for the peltier, unless you get a little one. Bottom line is, if you don't want water-cooling, don't waste your money, time, and effort on a Peltier.
A peltier can do wonders if the right setup, but I would say 95% of the setups I have seen have not been right for a Peltier. You might be able to get away with using a small Peltier, but with the amount of heat today's CPU's put off, you would see close to no improvement by using a small Peltier.