I think the crux of the problem is this, until we find another source of energy that is as dense as fossil fuel, we are stuck. We know the damage caused, and we are attempting to reduce it. The problem is that we need energy to support the amount of people we have. Not doing so would mean millions if not billions of deaths.
We either need a new source, and or, some technology to reduce the impact of what we already have. Nuclear was thought to be the new source, but, is all but impossible now in the US due to safety regulations.
Solar seems like an obvious choice, but, would be massively expensive right now. We would also need to build a better electrical network.
Carbon dioxide scurbbers is also another option, but, I would bet that the general public would not like those.