- May 11, 2008
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I can remember the times we had great discussions about how Low-k and high-k dielectric materials and their effects for gate insulators affect the Field Effect Transistors.
The 2D shape and later the 3D shape of the gate from various switching elements like fets.
Repeatedly reading all the novel articles, desperately trying to understand the very serious (quantum mechanical) physics behind it.
Subjects like electron tunneling, causing leakage of charge from gates.
Fets used for storage of data. And how electron tunneling influences the stored bits that are stored as charges on fully insulated gates.
Programming such bits is actually forcing electrons through an insulator with a higher voltage.
And then trapping these electrons on the gate insulator which results as a stored and trapped gate charge if i remember correctly.
This all to get a Fet either in a conduct state or a non conducting state. Meaning storing a 0 or a 1.
Now a capacitor has been developed that has a very large power density and energy denstiy.
Read it at the provided links :
Small excerpt from the text :
"
Tiny capacitors amp up energy storage.
Researchers developed miniaturized capacitors with 170 times higher power density that can be built directly into microchips to power them.
"
newscenter.lbl.gov
Small excerpt from the text :
"
In the ongoing quest to make electronic devices ever smaller and more energy efficient, researchers want to bring energy storage directly onto microchips, reducing the losses incurred when power is transported between various device components.
To be effective, on-chip energy storage must be able to store a large amount of energy in a very small space and deliver it quickly when needed – requirements that can’t be met with existing technologies.
...........
Capacitors are one of the basic components of electrical circuits but they can also be used to store energy. Unlike batteries, which store energy through electrochemical reactions, capacitors store energy in an electric field established between two metallic plates separated by a dielectric material. Capacitors can be discharged very rapidly when needed, allowing them to deliver power quickly, and they do not degrade with repeated charge-discharge cycles, giving them much longer lifespans than batteries. However, capacitors generally have much lower energy densities than batteries, meaning they can store less energy per unit volume or weight, and that problem only gets worse when you try to shrink them down to microcapacitor size for on-chip energy storage.
..........
Here, the researchers achieved their record-breaking microcapacitors by carefully engineering thin films of HfO2-ZrO2 to achieve a negative capacitance effect. Normally, layering one dielectric material on top of another results in an overall lower capacitance. However, if one of those layers is a negative-capacitance material, then the overall capacitance actually increases. In earlier work, Salahuddin and colleagues demonstrated the use of negative capacitance materials to produce transistors that can be operated at substantially lower voltages than conventional MOSFET transistors. Here, they harnessed negative capacitance to produce capacitors capable of storing greater amounts of charge, and therefore energy.
"
The 2D shape and later the 3D shape of the gate from various switching elements like fets.
Repeatedly reading all the novel articles, desperately trying to understand the very serious (quantum mechanical) physics behind it.
Subjects like electron tunneling, causing leakage of charge from gates.
Fets used for storage of data. And how electron tunneling influences the stored bits that are stored as charges on fully insulated gates.
Programming such bits is actually forcing electrons through an insulator with a higher voltage.
And then trapping these electrons on the gate insulator which results as a stored and trapped gate charge if i remember correctly.
This all to get a Fet either in a conduct state or a non conducting state. Meaning storing a 0 or a 1.
Now a capacitor has been developed that has a very large power density and energy denstiy.
Read it at the provided links :
Tiny Capacitors Amp Up Energy Storage
Researchers developed miniaturized capacitors with 170 times higher power density that can be built directly into microchips to power them.
www.hackster.io
"
Tiny capacitors amp up energy storage.
Researchers developed miniaturized capacitors with 170 times higher power density that can be built directly into microchips to power them.
"
Groundbreaking Microcapacitors Could Power Chips of the Future
Berkeley Lab scientists have achieved record-high energy and power densities in microcapacitors made with engineered thin films, using materials and fabrication techniques already widespread in chip manufacturing. Their work paves the way for advanced on-chip energy storage and power delivery in...
newscenter.lbl.gov
"
In the ongoing quest to make electronic devices ever smaller and more energy efficient, researchers want to bring energy storage directly onto microchips, reducing the losses incurred when power is transported between various device components.
To be effective, on-chip energy storage must be able to store a large amount of energy in a very small space and deliver it quickly when needed – requirements that can’t be met with existing technologies.
...........
Capacitors are one of the basic components of electrical circuits but they can also be used to store energy. Unlike batteries, which store energy through electrochemical reactions, capacitors store energy in an electric field established between two metallic plates separated by a dielectric material. Capacitors can be discharged very rapidly when needed, allowing them to deliver power quickly, and they do not degrade with repeated charge-discharge cycles, giving them much longer lifespans than batteries. However, capacitors generally have much lower energy densities than batteries, meaning they can store less energy per unit volume or weight, and that problem only gets worse when you try to shrink them down to microcapacitor size for on-chip energy storage.
..........
Here, the researchers achieved their record-breaking microcapacitors by carefully engineering thin films of HfO2-ZrO2 to achieve a negative capacitance effect. Normally, layering one dielectric material on top of another results in an overall lower capacitance. However, if one of those layers is a negative-capacitance material, then the overall capacitance actually increases. In earlier work, Salahuddin and colleagues demonstrated the use of negative capacitance materials to produce transistors that can be operated at substantially lower voltages than conventional MOSFET transistors. Here, they harnessed negative capacitance to produce capacitors capable of storing greater amounts of charge, and therefore energy.
"
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