Discussion Apple Silicon SoC thread

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Eug

Lifer
Mar 11, 2000
23,583
996
126
M1
5 nm
Unified memory architecture - LP-DDR4
16 billion transistors

8-core CPU

4 high-performance cores
192 KB instruction cache
128 KB data cache
Shared 12 MB L2 cache

4 high-efficiency cores
128 KB instruction cache
64 KB data cache
Shared 4 MB L2 cache
(Apple claims the 4 high-effiency cores alone perform like a dual-core Intel MacBook Air)

8-core iGPU (but there is a 7-core variant, likely with one inactive core)
128 execution units
Up to 24576 concurrent threads
2.6 Teraflops
82 Gigatexels/s
41 gigapixels/s

16-core neural engine
Secure Enclave
USB 4

Products:
$999 ($899 edu) 13" MacBook Air (fanless) - 18 hour video playback battery life
$699 Mac mini (with fan)
$1299 ($1199 edu) 13" MacBook Pro (with fan) - 20 hour video playback battery life

Memory options 8 GB and 16 GB. No 32 GB option (unless you go Intel).

It should be noted that the M1 chip in these three Macs is the same (aside from GPU core number). Basically, Apple is taking the same approach which these chips as they do the iPhones and iPads. Just one SKU (excluding the X variants), which is the same across all iDevices (aside from maybe slight clock speed differences occasionally).

EDIT:

Screen-Shot-2021-10-18-at-1.20.47-PM.jpg

M1 Pro 8-core CPU (6+2), 14-core GPU
M1 Pro 10-core CPU (8+2), 14-core GPU
M1 Pro 10-core CPU (8+2), 16-core GPU
M1 Max 10-core CPU (8+2), 24-core GPU
M1 Max 10-core CPU (8+2), 32-core GPU

M1 Pro and M1 Max discussion here:


M1 Ultra discussion here:


M2 discussion here:


Second Generation 5 nm
Unified memory architecture - LPDDR5, up to 24 GB and 100 GB/s
20 billion transistors

8-core CPU

4 high-performance cores
192 KB instruction cache
128 KB data cache
Shared 16 MB L2 cache

4 high-efficiency cores
128 KB instruction cache
64 KB data cache
Shared 4 MB L2 cache

10-core iGPU (but there is an 8-core variant)
3.6 Teraflops

16-core neural engine
Secure Enclave
USB 4

Hardware acceleration for 8K h.264, h.264, ProRes

M3 Family discussion here:

 
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UNCjigga

Lifer
Dec 12, 2000
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Well we already knew they'd have to have something better for higher end Macs so it is hardly a surprise. But this doesn't guarantee a one year cadence. They could have a beefier "M" SoC for midrange Macs in 2021 but not update the M1 until 2022, and not update the beefier one coming out this year until 2023. Ditto for the high end one going in the Mac Pro / iMac Pro in 2022 (whether it is discrete or chiplet based)

They might be able to offer some minor bumps in performance, i.e. perhaps an M1 fabbed this fall would be made on N5P and get a few hundred MHz more but be otherwise the same)

Not saying they will do this, or that they will continue revving the iPad 'X' chip every other year in the future when they will have all the stuff the M1 is currently going in adding to the wafer total for that design. Just that we can't assume it will be yearly just because they are taking the very obvious step of making a different chip for midrange Macs coming out later this year.
Don't forget there's an M-derived SoC going into their VR/AR headset (I'm assuming that'll need a beefier GPU vs. AnX)--I think we'll see that in 2021/2022 but might be generation 1 or 1.5 vs. true second-generation M-class chip.
 

Doug S

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Feb 8, 2020
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Don't forget there's an M-derived SoC going into their VR/AR headset (I'm assuming that'll need a beefier GPU vs. AnX)--I think we'll see that in 2021/2022 but might be generation 1 or 1.5 vs. true second-generation M-class chip.

You're assuming it will run standalone, rather than use an iPhone to do the heavy lifting. I think it will be similar to the Apple Watch, and the early versions will only work with an iPhone. As with the Watch, they can eventually free it of its tether and operate standalone but that will be several years / product generations away.

Running a couple 8K displays isn't particularly taxing, if someone else is doing all the expensive rendering type stuff so it only has to shift bits around in a framebuffer.
 

lobz

Platinum Member
Feb 10, 2017
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When this was announced (and I expected Apple Silicon to perform about as well as it ended up doing) I thought that if Apple was able to double their market share to ~15% in five years that would exceed their wildest projections. Getting comfortably into double digits is probably their goal for the next three.

They are "comfortably in the double digits" in the mobile market (a bit higher in the smartphone market) and that's about as good as they can ever do given that they sell premium devices. The market for premium PCs is larger as a percentage (because the really poor people that are a majority of the world's population who do own very low end smartphones or feature phones do not and never will own PCs) but Windows has an entrenched advantage they didn't face when they entered the mobile market.
Windows' entrenched advantage will remain intact as long as Apple will continue this smartbum arrogant attitude towards their own customers. I know that Microsoft does that too, but when people get fed up with that, they usually move towards something better and not something even more condescending. The company's 'you're holding it wrong' attitude has not changed a bit in the past decade.
 
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You're assuming it will run standalone, rather than use an iPhone to do the heavy lifting. I think it will be similar to the Apple Watch, and the early versions will only work with an iPhone. As with the Watch, they can eventually free it of its tether and operate standalone but that will be several years / product generations away.

Running a couple 8K displays isn't particularly taxing, if someone else is doing all the expensive rendering type stuff so it only has to shift bits around in a framebuffer.

Do you really think an iphone would be capable of that type of processing, or that you think pushing dual 8K over wireless would be feasible like that? If they're gonna tether it, it'll probably be to something beefier than an iPhone and require an entirely new wireless protocol or require a cable (imagine the stand they could come up for that!). If that were the case I'd guess it might actually be for the updated Mac Pro, kinda like their display was shown off alongside the new cheesgrater) and I think this rumored high end headset would target a somewhat similar market (visual artists or pros working on AR/VR live events like sports, concerts; I'm thinking it'll be targeted more at corporations, think car companies being able to setup small kiosks where you could put on the headset and walk around high quality digital versions of their cars, and similar). I think there's rumors that there's going to be update to the current Mac Pro but also a new Mx based Mac Pro that will be quite compact (curious if they'd bring the trash can back or if it'll be something else). Maybe they'd come up with a backpack frame that you can mount it and possibly some batteries to to use with the headset.
 

Mopetar

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Jan 31, 2011
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Maybe it seems impossible right now, but in 10 years it might be ordinary. Take something like the current Apple watch. If you go back far enough in time, it effectively becomes more powerful than any super computer at that time. The modern iPhone seems to be around the level of where a high-end desktop was about a decade ago.
 

Heartbreaker

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Apr 3, 2006
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Maybe it seems impossible right now, but in 10 years it might be ordinary. Take something like the current Apple watch. If you go back far enough in time, it effectively becomes more powerful than any super computer at that time. The modern iPhone seems to be around the level of where a high-end desktop was about a decade ago.

IIRC, when I went to University, our campus was boasting about it's Supercomputer, with 16 MIPS, and 128 MB of RAM.

Mind you I just missed having classes with punch cards. :D
 
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Doug S

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Do you really think an iphone would be capable of that type of processing, or that you think pushing dual 8K over wireless would be feasible like that?

It is already capable of that level of processing, what makes you think an A14 is not up to the task when there are multiple examples of "similar" products that are less powerful?

Solutions for wireless HDMI have existed for a long time - dual 8K would require more power (wider frequency range) but its theoretically doable. However, I don't think that's necessary - there are a lot of steps in a GPU from the start of the pipeline to the HDMI output. Apple fully controls the GPU hardware and the OS/driver software, so they can design it to have part of the rendering pipeline living on the phone (doing the hard stuff) and part living in the wearable so the data traffic would be orders of magnitude less than dual 8K HDMI bit rate.

The iPhone's existing UWB implementation should be able to handle that (500 MHz band at 1024 QAM is ~ 5 Gbps) I mean, the wearable would be caching textures so it just needs primitives to tell it what to put down on the screen where, not to address every single pixel in 32 bit color.
 

Mopetar

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coercitiv

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The raw numbers do seem unusually high, but if it only eats up ~.5% of rated lifetime per month, it will still last until ~2037 assuming that the issue remains unfixed.
So far people documenting it more seriously have found a few nasty cases, some of which have already gone past 100TBW. The worst known case is 10% in 2 months. (see thread here)

Unfortunately information is limited, people can't even trust the reporting tools.
 

jeanlain

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Oct 26, 2020
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It is already capable of that level of processing, what makes you think an A14 is not up to the task when there are multiple examples of "similar" products that are less powerful?
What phone is capable to dual 8k rendering? :oops: The A14 struggles to render any demanding game at less than native resolution. Also, consider that you need at least 90 fps for VR.
Solutions for wireless HDMI have existed for a long time - dual 8K would require more power (wider frequency range) but its theoretically doable. However, I don't think that's necessary - there are a lot of steps in a GPU from the start of the pipeline to the HDMI output. Apple fully controls the GPU hardware and the OS/driver software, so they can design it to have part of the rendering pipeline living on the phone (doing the hard stuff) and part living in the wearable so the data traffic would be orders of magnitude less than dual 8K HDMI bit rate.

The iPhone's existing UWB implementation should be able to handle that (500 MHz band at 1024 QAM is ~ 5 Gbps) I mean, the wearable would be caching textures so it just needs primitives to tell it what to put down on the screen where, not to address every single pixel in 32 bit color.
That may work if you only want to achieve this. But in the real world, texture streaming over a connection that is orders of magnitude slower than PCIe might be a problem. And shading is done on a per-pixel basis.
 

Doug S

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What phone is capable to dual 8k rendering? :oops: The A14 struggles to render any demanding game at less than native resolution. Also, consider that you need at least 90 fps for VR.

That may work if you only want to achieve this. But in the real world, texture streaming over a connection that is orders of magnitude slower than PCIe might be a problem. And shading is done on a per-pixel basis.

Who says Apple is doing full VR? I think that's very unlikely, they will instead do some type of AR that overlays the 'real world' you see through the glasses. That doesn't require rendering two full 8K scenes, just some elements of the overlay.

You need the resolution (so it doesn't look blocky amid the real world) and you need a high frame rate (so it doesn't look jumpy when you move your eyes/head) but creating a full scene is orders of magnitude more computationally intensive than doing overlays. Anyway, just because the iPhone doesn't output 8K doesn't mean its GPU couldn't handle rendering one or two 8K scenes - it just couldn't come close to resolution AND maintain kind of scene complexity a modern video game wants. If you wanted something simple like Angry Birds in 8K, I'm sure the GPU could do it with some minor changes (bigger frame buffer and HDMI 2.1 to actually output in 8K)

Apple designs stuff for the mass market, not the niche geek crowd that wants fully immersive HFR 8K VR and wouldn't care if they had to strap on a five pound headset to get it. Not that I'm sure there's a mass market for AR, but I know there isn't one for VR at least not with anything remotely like today's technology.
 

Doug S

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The 8k displays are supposed to equip a VR headset costing more than $3000.

There have been a lot more rumors tying Apple to AR than VR. Apple has never shown any interest in hardcore gaming, and that's about the only market for fully immersive VR. There's zero chance Apple enters that market, they want to enter markets that can become broad consumer markets and skim the top end off it. That's AR (maybe) definitely not VR.
 

jeanlain

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The Apple headset is rumoured to be targeted at professional designers, researchers, etc. I don't see an iPhone driving it.
Anyway, rumours from several sources say that the headset will have its own SoC to power it.
 

Doug S

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The Apple headset is rumoured to be targeted at professional designers, researchers, etc. I don't see an iPhone driving it.
Anyway, rumours from several sources say that the headset will have its own SoC to power it.

That's also the rumor that says it will be VR and cost $3000. I don't buy either.

Obviously it will have its own SoC, but that doesn't mean it will be able to work standalone without an iPhone. The first Apple Watch had an SoC, too, but it didn't work standalone.
 

Doug S

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There are indicators that show Apple might release an M1 iMac soon. The cancellation of the iMac Pro for starters.

iMac Pro has a Xeon, an M1 isn't a reasonable replacement for it. More likely that product is simply being dropped - the iMac range might be widened but having its high end overlapping with the Mac Pro maybe doesn't make a lot of sense.
 

Mopetar

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The various rumors make the next iMac sound like an Apple Pro display with the rest of the computer built in to it. Some of the Xeon chips in the oldest iMac Pro models probably could be replaced by an M1 right now more than likely.

Of course Apple is clearly developing a high-end part based on their own cores, so we'll probably get an M1X that serves as a replacement for the 18-core Xeon parts you could previously get since it seems Apple is only selling the 10-core model now while supplies last. Who'd buy one of those for $5,000 right now is beyond me though.
 

jpiniero

Lifer
Oct 1, 2010
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iMac Pro has a Xeon, an M1 isn't a reasonable replacement for it. More likely that product is simply being dropped - the iMac range might be widened but having its high end overlapping with the Mac Pro maybe doesn't make a lot of sense.

The iMac Pro was just a stopgap until the Mac Pro was released. Perhaps they kept it around so long because there is no replacement and is being discontinued now because the processors are being discontinued.
 

Heartbreaker

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iMac Pro has a Xeon, an M1 isn't a reasonable replacement for it. More likely that product is simply being dropped - the iMac range might be widened but having its high end overlapping with the Mac Pro maybe doesn't make a lot of sense.

Might be good to drop it now so it's less relevant in future comparison. So it's out of the picture before the M2 iMac makes it's debut, and replaces the rest of the iMacs.

I expect the M2 will essentially double up the M1, Double GPU cores, Double CPU performance cores, double Memory channels, which would make it a doubly impressive chip.
 

Mopetar

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It seems as though there are a lot of rumors pointing towards Apple releasing a beefier chip with some new products (iMacs) today. The event is just about to start so we should find out soon.

Edit: So far no mention of a new or different SoC, but they are talking about the new iMac.
 
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Mopetar

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I would have certainly liked to see an M1X, M1 Pro, or whatever they'll eventually call the chip they want to put in some of their professional-level products, but I suppose it really has only been about half a year since they started releasing notebooks and desktop products using their own silicon. Even if the manufacturing world weren't half upside down at the moment it would still be a bit early to expect another chip.