Exactly what I read... via wikipedia. It stated that during the first Japanese-Sino war Japan claimed the island, but after the war they signed the "San Francisco Treaty" which gave back all territories seized by Japan... thus making the island China's again... until the 1970's when the US claimed it was Japan's... If this is accurate it seems we made a blunder and the island is China's, in which case we should be apologizing.
This is however based on what I read on wikipedia, which we know may or may not be accurate. If someone ACTUALLY knows please chime in...
Edit: Seems my summary above was a little pedestrian and vague... here's an article that sums things up a little better.
http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90883/7953170.html
I am not a historian.
But I did live in Okinawa in 70 and 71. I can share with you what was the common perspective then... Please realize that this is not an academic discourse. But in case anyone would find it interesting, I'll present a few things that I remember .
First
Japanese hold the Ryukyu Islanders at an arms length. The Ryukyu Self Defense Forces that I worked with told me that, at best, the Japanese considered them "cousins" rather than full Japanese.
Second
There were historical periods where the Japanese and Chinese refused to trade with each other. During this time, they would both conduct trade through Okinawa (which traded with both.)
Third
Okinawa was annexed by Japan in 1868 and became a prefecture in 1879. While there is substantial Chinese cultural influence on the island in the architecture and the food, to the best of my knowledge, Okinawa was never considered part of mainland China.
Four
Historically, there were times that Okinawa did pay taxes to China. There were other time when they paid taxes to Japan. And I believe that there were also periods when they paid taxes to both...
Five
When I was there, Okinawa was not considered part of Japan. There had been some sort of agreement signed. But for the most it said that the Americans would appoint a "High Commissioner" that would rule the island. (That is, a commanding general.)
While I was there, there were ongoing negotiations about the return of Okinawa to Japan. And there were Okinawans that opposed the return. I believe that they saw an independent future for the island. Though, I could never get a perspective on the size of the opposition.
Six
At time I was there, China lacked the military resources to have a presence in the South China Sea. Consequently, they were a non issue. (Unless, you consider the
NSA listening stations on Okinawa to be an issue.) And their claims to these other islands were non issues because they simply didn't have the assets to enforce or defend any claims.
For example, it was relatively common knowledge that there were routine
SR-71 flights over the mainland.
Seven
I have read somewhere, don't remember where, that the mainland does not have historical ties to the Ryukyus or these other islands. That their claims are through Taiwan. That is, Taiwan has a historical claim. We claim Taiwan. Consequently, the South China Sea is a Chinese Lake.
Eight
All of the major civilian losses during WWII occurred near Japanese Army Bases. There are reports of the Japanese Army gunning down Okinawains as they attempted to surrender to the Americans during WWII. Other cases of the Japanese Army taking all of the food from civilians in villages...
Nine
Last month, James Webb wrote an excellent article in the Wall Street Journal called
The South China Sea's Gathering Storm.
Webb is very knowledge about this area. Strongly recommend that anyone interested in the area read it.
Also feel that it would be a major mistake to underestimate any of the nations in this area. If you look at the areas history, its pretty bloody. And each of the nations involved have demonstrate that they are capable of irrational behaviours.
Appreciate everyone's contributions to the thread. Looking forward to hearing anything anyone else has to share.
Uno